GUARANTEE
AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
among
TWISTBOX
ENTERTAINMENT, INC.,
EACH
OF THE SUBSIDIARIES PARTY HERETO,
THE
INVESTOR PARTY HERETO,
and
VALUEACT
SMALLCAP MASTER FUND, L.P.,
as
Collateral Agent
Dated
as of July 30, 2007
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
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Page
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ARTICLE
1. DEFINITIONS; GUARANTEE; GRANT OF SECURITY; CONTINUING PERFECTION
AND PRIORITY
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1
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Section
1.1 General Definitions
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1
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Section
1.2 Other Definitions; Interpretation
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8
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Section
1.3 Guarantee
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9
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Section
1.4 Grant of Security
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13
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ARTICLE
2. SECURITY FOR OBLIGATIONS; NO ASSUMPTION OF LIABILITY
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15
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Section
2.1 Security for Obligations
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15
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Section
2.2 No Assumption of Liability
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15
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ARTICLE
3. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS
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15
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Section
3.1 Generally
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15
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Section
3.2 Equipment and Inventory
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19
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Section
3.3 Receivables
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19
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Section
3.4 Investment Property
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21
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Section
3.5 Letter of Credit Rights
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24
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Section
3.6 Intellectual Property Collateral
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24
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Section
3.7 Commercial Tort Claims
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25
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Section
3.8 Deposit Accounts; Control Accounts
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26
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ARTICLE
4. FURTHER ASSURANCES
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27
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ARTICLE
5. COLLATERAL AGENT APPOINTED ATTORNEY-IN-FACT
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27
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ARTICLE
6. REMEDIES UPON DEFAULT
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28
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Section
6.1 Remedies Generally
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28
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Section
6.2 Application of Proceeds of Sale
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30
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Section
6.3 Investment Property
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30
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Section
6.4 Grant of License to Use Intellectual Property
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31
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ARTICLE
7. REIMBURSEMENT OF COLLATERAL AGENT
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31
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ARTICLE
8. WAIVERS; AMENDMENTS
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32
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ARTICLE
9. SECURITY INTEREST ABSOLUTE
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32
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ARTICLE
10. TERMINATION; RELEASE
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33
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ARTICLE
11. ADDITIONAL SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS AND GRANTORS
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33
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ARTICLE
12. COLLATERAL AGENT
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34
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ARTICLE
13. NOTICES
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35
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ARTICLE
14. BINDING EFFECT; SEVERAL AGREEMENT; ASSIGNMENTS
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36
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ARTICLE
15. SURVIVAL OF AGREEMENT; SEVERABILITY
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37
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ARTICLE
16. GOVERNING LAW
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37
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ARTICLE
17. COUNTERPARTS
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37
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ARTICLE
18. HEADINGS
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38
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ARTICLE
19. JURISDICTION; VENUE; CONSENT TO SERVICE OF PROCESS
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38
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ARTICLE
20. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL
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39
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SCHEDULES:
Schedule
I
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List
of Subsidiary Guarantors and Addresses for Notices List
of Foreign Subsidiaries which are not Subsidiary Guarantors as of
July 30,
2007,
and Addresses
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Schedule
1.4(a)
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Twistbox
Games Ltd. & Co KG Collateral
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Schedule
3.1(a)(i)
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List
of Chief Executive Offices, Jurisdictions of Organization, Federal
Employer
Identification Numbers and Company Organizational
Numbers
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Schedule
3.1(a)(ii)
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List
of Legal and Other Names
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Schedule
3.1(a)(v)(A)
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List
of Filing Offices
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Schedule
3.1(a)(v)(B)
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Excluded
Trademarks
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Schedule
3.2
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List
of Locations of Equipment and Inventory
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Schedule
3.4
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List
of Pledged Collateral, Investment Property and Securities
Accounts
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Schedule
3.5
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List
of Letters of Credit
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Schedule
3.6
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List
of Intellectual Property
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Schedule
3.7
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List
of Commercial Tort Claims
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Schedule
3.8
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List
of Deposit Accounts
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EXHIBITS:
Exhibit
A
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Form
of Supplement
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Exhibit
B
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Form
of Control Agreement
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Exhibit
C
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Form
of Securities Control Account
Letter
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GUARANTEE
AND SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of July 30, 2007 (this “Guarantee
and Security Agreement”), among
Twistbox Entertainment, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
“Company”),
each
of
the subsidiaries of the Company identified on Schedule I as being a subsidiary
guarantor (each such subsidiary, individually a “Subsidiary
Guarantor” and,
collectively, the “Subsidiary
Guarantors”; the Subsidiary Guarantors and the Company are referred to
collectively herein as
the
“Grantors”),
the
Investors from time to time party hereto (including their successors and
permitted assigns,
the “Investor”)
and
ValueAct SmallCap Master Fund, L.P.,
as
collateral agent for the benefit of the
Secured Parties (including its successors and permitted assigns and in such
capacity, the “CollateralAgent”).
Reference
is made to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 30, 2007,
among
the
Company and the Investors from time to time party thereto (as amended,
supplemented or otherwise
modified from time to time, the “Securities
Purchase Agreement”).
The
Investor has agreed to purchase Senior Secured Notes in the aggregate principal
amount
of
$16,500,000 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified, the “Senior
Secured Notes”) from
the
Company pursuant to, and upon the terms and subject to the conditions specified
in, the Securities
Purchase Agreement. Each of the Subsidiary Guarantors has agreed to guarantee,
among other things,
all the obligations of the Company and each other Subsidiary Guarantor under
the
Secured Transaction
Documents. The obligations of the Investor to purchase Senior Secured Notes
are
conditioned
upon, among other things, the execution and delivery by the Grantors of an
agreement in the form
hereof to guarantee and secure the Obligations.
Accordingly,
the Grantors and the Collateral Agent, on behalf of itself and each other
Secured
Party (and each of their respective successors or permitted assigns), hereby
agree as follows:
ARTICLE
1.
DEFINITIONS;
GUARANTEE; GRANT OF SECURITY;
CONTINUING
PERFECTION AND PRIORITY
Section
1.1 General
Definitions
As
used
in this Guarantee and Security Agreement, the following terms shall have the
meanings
specified below:
“Account
Debtor” means
each Person who is obligated in respect of any Receivable or any Supporting
Obligation or Collateral Support related thereto.
“Accounts”
means
all
“accounts” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC.
“Additional
Subsidiary Guarantor and Grantor” has
the
meaning assigned to such term
in
Article 11.
“Applicable
Date” means
(i)
in the case of any Grantor (other than an Additional Subsidiary
Guarantor and Grantor), the date hereof, and (ii) in the case of any Additional
Subsidiary Guarantor
and Grantor, the date of the Supplement executed and delivered by such
Additional Subsidiary Guarantor
and Grantor.
“Approved
Securities Intermediary” means
a
Securities Intermediary or commodity intermediary
selected or approved by the Collateral Agent and with respect to which a Grantor
has delivered
to the Collateral Agent an executed Securities Control Account
Letter.
“Authorization”
means,
collectively, any license, approval, permit or other authorization issued by
Governmental Authority.
“Bankruptcy
Law” means
Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar foreign, federal or state law
for
the relief of debtors.
“Business
Day” means
any
day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The
City of New York are authorized or required by law to remain
closed.
“Cash
Collateral Account” means
any
Deposit Account or Securities Account established
by the Collateral Agent in which cash may from time to time be on deposit or
held therein pursuant
to the Secured Transaction Documents.
“Chattel
Paper” means
all
“chattel paper” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC.
“Claim
Proceeds” means,
with respect to any Commercial Tort Claim or any Collateral Support
or Supporting Obligation relating thereto, all Proceeds thereof, including
all
insurance proceeds and
other
amounts and recoveries resulting or arising from the settlement or other
resolution thereof, in each case regardless of whether characterized as a
“commercial
tort claim” under
Article 9 of the UCC or “proceeds” under the UCC.
“Collateral”
has
the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.4(a).
“Collateral
Records” means
all
books, instruments, certificates, Records, ledger cards, files, correspondence,
customer lists, blueprints, technical specifications, manuals and other
documents, and
all
computer software, computer printouts, tapes, disks and related data processing
software and similar
items, in each case that at any time represent, cover or otherwise evidence
any
of the Collateral.
“Collateral
Support” means
all
property (real or personal) assigned, hypothecated or otherwise
securing any of the Collateral, and shall include any security agreement or
other agreement granting
a lien or security interest in such real or personal property.
“Commercial
Tort Claims” means
(i)
all “commercial tort claims” as defined in Article
9
of the UCC and (ii) all Claim Proceeds with respect to any of the foregoing;
including all claims described
on Schedule
3.7.
“Company”
has
the
meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statement of this Guarantee
and Security Agreement.
“Control
Account” means
a
Deposit Account maintained by any Grantor with a Control Account
Bank which account is the subject of an effective Control Agreement, and
includes all monies on deposit
therein.
“Control
Account Bank” means
a
financial institution selected or approved by the Collateral Agent and with
respect to which a Grantor has entered into a Control Agreement.
“Control
Agreement” means
a
Control Agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit
B
(with such changes thereto as may be agreed to by the Collateral Agent),
executed by the relevant Grantor and the Collateral Agent and acknowledged
and
agreed to by the relevant Control
Account
Bank.
“Copyright
License” means
any
written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting any right to any third
party under any Copyright now or hereafter owned or held by any Grantor or
which
any
Grantor otherwise has the right to license, or granting any right to any Grantor
under any Copyright now
or
hereafter owned by any third party, and all rights of any Grantor under any
such
agreement, including each agreement described on Schedule
3.6.
“Copyrights”
means
all
of the following: (i) all copyright rights in any work subject to the
copyright laws of the United States or any other country, whether as author,
assignee, transferee or otherwise, and (ii) all registrations and applications
for registration of any such copyright in the United States
or
any other country, including registrations, recordings, supplemental
registrations and pending applications
for registration in the United States Copyright Office or any similar offices
in
the United States
or
any other country, including those described on Schedule
3.6.
“Deposit
Accounts” means
all
“deposit accounts” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC, including
all such accounts described on Schedule
3.8.
“Documents”
means
all
“documents” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC.
“Equipment”
means
(i)
all “equipment” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC, (ii) all machinery,
manufacturing equipment, data processing equipment, computers, office equipment,
furnishings, furniture, appliances, fixtures and tools, in each case, regardless
of whether characterized as “equipment”
under the UCC, and (iii) all accessions or additions to any of the foregoing,
all parts thereof, whether
or not at any time of determination incorporated or installed therein or
attached thereto, and all replacements therefor, wherever located, now or
hereafter existing.
“Equity
Interest” means
(i)
shares of corporate stock, partnership interests, membership interests, and
any
other interest that confers on a Person the right to receive a share of the
profits and losses of, or distribution of assets of, the issuing Person, and
(ii) all warrants, options or other rights to acquire any Equity Interest set
forth in clause (i) of this defined term.
“Equity
Related Documents” means
the
Securities Purchase Agreement, any Convertible Note or Warrant issued pursuant
to the Securities Purchase Agreement.
“Event
of Default” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in the Senior Secured Notes.
“Excepted
Deposit Accounts” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.8(b).
“Foreign
Subsidiary” means
any
direct subsidiary of any Grantor organized under the laws of any jurisdiction
outside the United States of America other than any Subsidiary Guarantor and
as
designated
as such on Schedule
I
hereto.
“Foreign
Subsidiary Voting Stock” means
the
voting capital stock of any Foreign Subsidiary.
“Financial
Assets” means
all
“financial assets” as defined in Article 8 of the UCC.
“General
Intangibles” means
(i)
all “general intangibles” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC
and
(ii) all chooses in action and causes of action, all indemnification claims,
all
goodwill, all tax refunds,
all licenses, permits, concessions, franchises and authorizations, all
Intellectual Property, all Payment
Intangibles and all Software, in each case, regardless of whether characterized
as a “general intangible”
under the UCC.
“Goods”
means
(i)
all “goods” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC and (ii) all Equipment
and
Inventory and any computer program embedded in goods and any supporting
information provided in connection
with such program, to the extent (a) such program is associated with such goods
in such a manner
that it is customarily considered part of such goods or (b) by becoming the
owner of such goods, a Person
acquires a right to use the program in connection with such goods, in each
case,
regardless of whether characterized as a “good” under the UCC.
“Governmental
Authority” means
any
nation or government, any state, province, city, municipal
entity or other political subdivision thereof, and any governmental, executive,
legislative, judicial,
administrative or regulatory agency, department, authority, instrumentality,
commission, board, bureau
or
similar body, whether federal, state, provincial, territorial, local or
foreign.
“Grantor”
and
“Grantors”
have
the
meanings assigned to such terms in the preliminary statement
of this Guarantee and Security Agreement.
“Guaranteed
Obligations” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.3(a)(i).
“Instruments”
means
all
“instruments” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC.
“Insurance”
means
all
insurance policies covering any or all of the Collateral (regardless
of
whether the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party is an additional named
insured or the loss payee
thereof) and all business interruption insurance policies.
“Intellectual
Property” means
all
intellectual and similar property owned by any Grantor
of every kind and nature, including inventions, designs, Patents, Copyrights,
Trademarks, Licenses,
domain names, Trade Secrets, confidential or proprietary technical and business
information, know
how,
show how or other data or information, software and databases and all
embodiments or fixations
thereof and related documentation, registrations and franchises, and all
additions, improvements and accessions to, and books and records describing
or
used in connection with, any of the foregoing.
“Inventory”
means
(i)
all “inventory” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC and (ii) all goods held for
sale or lease or to be furnished under contracts of service or so leased or
furnished, all raw materials,
work in process, finished goods and materials used or consumed in the
manufacture, packing, shipping,
advertising, selling, leasing, furnishing or production of such inventory or
otherwise used or consumed
in any Grantor's business, all goods which are returned to or repossessed by
or
on behalf of any
Grantor, and all computer programs embedded in any goods, and all accessions
thereto and products thereof,
in each case, regardless of whether characterized as “inventory” under the
UCC.
“Investor”
has
the
meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statements of this Guarantee
and Security Agreement.
“Investment
Property” means,
collectively, all “investment
property” as
defined in Article
9
of the UCC including all Pledged Collateral.
“Letter
of Credit Rights” means
all
“letter-of-credit rights” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC
and
all rights, title and interests of each Grantor to any letter of credit, in
each
case regardless of whether
characterized as a “letter-of-credit right” under the UCC.
“License”
means
any
Copyright License, Patent License, Trademark License, Trade Secret
License or other license or sublicense to which any Grantor is a
party.
“Lien”
means
any lien, mortgage, charge, claim, security interest, encumbrance, or right
of
first
refusal.
“Net
Receivables Balance” means
all
amounts recorded on the Company's balance sheet as
Receivables or accrued Receivables net of allowance for doubtful accounts
consistent with past practice.
“New
Deposit Account” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.8.
“Obligations”
means
(i)
the due and punctual payment of (a) principal of and premium, if
any,
and interest (including interest accruing during the pendency of any bankruptcy,
insolvency, receivership
or other similar proceeding, regardless of whether allowed or allowable in
such
proceeding) on
the
Senior Secured Notes, when and as due, whether at maturity or by acceleration
or
otherwise, and (b)
all
other monetary obligations, including fees, commissions, costs, expenses and
indemnities, whether primary, secondary, direct, contingent, fixed or otherwise
(including monetary obligations incurred during the
pendency of any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar
proceeding, regardless of whether
allowed or allowable in such proceeding), of the Grantors to the Secured Parties
when and as due, or
that
are otherwise payable to any Investor, in each case under the Secured
Transaction Documents when
and
as due, (ii) the due and punctual performance of all covenants, agreements,
obligations and liabilities of the Grantors or any other party (other than
an
Investor) under or pursuant to the Secured Transaction
Documents, and (iii) with respect to the Subsidiary Guarantor, the Guaranteed
Obligations.
“Patent
License” means
any
written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any
third
party any right to make, use or sell any invention on which a Patent, now or
hereafter owned or held
by
or on behalf of any Grantor or which any Grantor otherwise has the right to
license, is in existence, or granting to any Grantor any right to make, use
or
sell any invention on which a Patent, now or
hereafter owned by any third party, is in existence, and all rights of any
Grantor under any such agreement, including each agreement described on
Schedule
3.6.
“Patents”
means
all
of the following: (i) all letters patent of the United States or any
other
country, all registrations and recordings thereof and all applications for
letters patent of the United States
or
any other country, including registrations, recordings and pending applications
in the United States
Patent and Trademark Office or any similar offices in the United States or
any
other country, including
those described on Schedule
3.6, and
(ii)
all reissues, continuations, divisions, continuations in part,
renewals or extensions thereof, and the inventions disclosed or claimed therein,
including the right to make,
use
and/or sell the inventions disclosed or claimed therein.
“Payment
Intangibles” means
all
“payment intangibles” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC.
“Person”
means
any
individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated
association, joint venture, limited liability company, or joint stock
company.
“Pledged
Collateral”
means, collectively, Pledged Debt and Pledged Equity Interests.
“Pledged
Debt” means
all
indebtedness for borrowed money owed or owing to any Grantor, including all
indebtedness described on Schedule
3.4,
all
Instruments other than checks received in the ordinary course of business,
Chattel Paper or other documents, if any, representing or evidencing
such
debt, and all interest, cash, instruments and other property or proceeds from
time to time received, receivable
or otherwise distributed in respect of or in exchange for any or all of such
debt.
“Pledged
Equity Interests” means
all
Equity Interests owned or held by or on behalf of any
Grantor, including all such Equity Interests described on Schedule
3.4, and
all
certificates, instruments
and other documents, if any, representing or evidencing such Equity Interests
and all interests of
such
Grantor on the books and records of the issuers of such Equity Interests, all
of
such Grantor's right,
title and interest in, to and under any partnership, limited liability company,
shareholder or similar agreements to which it is a party, and all dividends,
distributions, cash, warrants, rights, options, instruments,
securities and other property or proceeds from time to time received, receivable
or otherwise distributed
in respect of or in exchange for any or all of such Equity Interests;
provided, however, that
in
no
event
shall more than 65% of the total outstanding Foreign Subsidiary Voting Stock
of
any Foreign Subsidiary
be pledged (or deemed to be pledged) hereunder.
“Proceeds”
means
(i)
all “proceeds” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC, (ii) payments or distributions
made with respect to any Investment Property, (iii) any payment received from
any insurer or
other
Person or entity as a result of the destruction, loss, theft, damage or other
involuntary conversion of
whatever nature of any asset or property that constitutes the Collateral, and
(iv) whatever is receivable or
received when any of the Collateral or proceeds are sold, exchanged, collected
or otherwise disposed of, whether
such disposition is voluntary or involuntary, including any claim of any Grantor
against any third party
for
(and the right to sue and recover for and the rights to damages or profits
due
or accrued arising out
of or
in connection with) (a) past, present or future infringement of any Patent
now
or hereafter owned or
held
by or on behalf of any Grantor, or licensed under a Patent License, (b) past,
present or future infringement or dilution of any Trademark now or hereafter
owned or held by or on behalf of any Grantor, or
licensed under a Trademark License, or injury to the goodwill associated with
or
symbolized by any Trademark
now or hereafter owned or held by or on behalf of any Grantor, (c) past, present
or future infringement
of any Copyright now or hereafter owned or held by or on behalf of any Grantor,
or licensed under a Copyright License, (d) past, present or future infringement
of any Trade Secret now or hereafter owned or held by or on behalf of any
Grantor, or licensed under a Trade Secret License, and (e) past, present
or future breach of any License, in each case, regardless of whether
characterized as “proceeds” under
the
UCC.
“QRF
Deposit Account” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.4(c).
“QRF
Lender” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.4(c).
“Qualified
Receivables Facility” means a receivables facility not to exceed the lesser of
(i)
$5,000,000, or (ii) 85% of the Net Receivables Balance at any point in
time.
“Receivables”
means
all
rights to payment, whether or not earned by performance, for goods
or
other property sold, leased, licensed, assigned or otherwise disposed of, or
services rendered or to
be
rendered, including all such rights constituting or evidenced by any Account,
Chattel Paper, Instrument
or other document, General Intangible or Investment Property, together with
all
of the applicable
Grantor's rights, if any, in any goods or other property giving rise to such
right to payment, and all Collateral Support and Supporting Obligations related
thereto and all Receivables Records.
“Receivables
Records” means
(i)
all originals of all documents, instruments or other writings or electronic
records or other Records evidencing any Receivable, (ii) all books,
correspondence, credit
or
other files, Records, ledger sheets or cards, invoices, and other papers
relating to such Receivable,
including all tapes, cards, computer tapes, computer discs, computer runs and
record keeping systems,
whether in the possession or under the control of the applicable Grantor or
any
computer bureau or
agent
from time to time acting for such Grantor or otherwise, (iii) all evidences
of
the filing of financing
statements relating to such Receivable and the registration of other instruments
in connection therewith,
and amendments, supplements or other modifications thereto, notices to other
creditors or secured
parties, and certificates, acknowledgments, or other writings, including lien
search reports, from filing or other registration officers and (iv) all credit
information, reports and memoranda relating to such Receivable.
“Record”
means
a
“record” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC.
“Related
Party” means,
with respect to any specified Person, such Person's affiliates and the
respective directors, officers, employees, agents and advisors of such Person
and such Person's affiliates.
“Secured
Parties” means
(i)
the Collateral Agent, (ii) the Investor under the Senior Secured
Notes, (iii) the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken
by
or on behalf of any Grantor
under any Secured Transaction Document, and (iv) the successors and permitted
assigns of each of
the
foregoing.
“Secured
Transaction Documents” means
the
Senior Secured Notes, this Guarantee and Security
Agreement, any Control Agreement, any Securities Control Account Letter, and
all
other instruments,
documents, certificates and agreements related thereto (exclusive of the Equity
Related Documents).
“Securities
Accounts” means
all
“securities accounts” as defined in Article 8 of the UCC, including
all such accounts described on Schedule
3.4.
“Securities
Control Account” means
a
Securities Account or commodity account maintained by any Grantor with an
Approved Securities Intermediary which account is the subject of an effective
Control Account Letter, and includes all Financial Assets held therein and
all
certificates and instruments, if any, representing or evidencing the Financial
Assets held therein.
“Securities
Control Account Letter” means
a
Securities Control Account Letter, substantially
in the form of Exhibit C (with such changes thereto as may be agreed to by
the
Collateral Agent), executed by any Grantor and the Collateral Agent and
acknowledged and agreed to by the relevant
Approved Securities Intermediary.
“Securities
Intermediary” has
the
meaning specified in Article 8 of the UCC.
“Securities
Purchase Agreement” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary
statement of this Guarantee and Security Agreement.
“Security
Interest” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.4(a).
“Senior
Secured Notes” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statement
of this Guarantee and Security Agreement.
“Software”
means
all
“software” as defined in Article 9 of the UCC.
“Subordinated
Obligations” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.3(e).
“Subsidiary
Guarantee” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.3(a)(i).
“Subsidiary
Guarantor” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statement of this Guarantee
and
Security Agreement.
“Supplement”
means
a
supplement hereto, substantially in the form of Exhibit A.
“Supporting
Obligation” means
(i)
all “supporting obligations” as defined in Article 9 of
the
UCC and (ii) all Guaranties and other secondary obligations supporting any
of
the Collateral, in each
case
regardless of whether characterized as a “supporting obligation” under the
UCC.
“Trade
Secret Licenses” means
any
written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting
to any third party any right to use any Trade Secrets now or hereafter owned
or
held by or on behalf
of
any Grantor or which such Grantor otherwise has the right to license, or
granting to any Grantor any right to use any Trade Secrets now or hereafter
owned by any third party, and all rights of any Grantor
under any such agreement, including each agreement described on Schedule
3.6.
“Trade
Secrets” means
all
trade secrets and all other confidential or proprietary information
and know-how now or hereafter owned or used in, or contemplated at any time
for
use in, the business of any Grantor (all of the foregoing being collectively
called a “Trade Secret”), whether or not such
Trade Secret has been reduced to a writing or other tangible form, including
all
documents and things
embodying, incorporating or referring in any way to such Trade Secret, the
right
to sue for any past, present and future infringement of any Trade Secret, and
all proceeds of the foregoing, including licenses, royalties,
income, payments, claims, damages and proceeds of suit.
“Trademark
License” means
any
written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any third party
any
right to use any Trademark now or hereafter owned or held by any Grantor or
which
such Grantor otherwise has the right to license, or granting to any Grantor
any
right to use any Trademark
now or hereafter owned by any third party, and all rights of any Grantor under
any such agreement,
including each agreement described on Schedule
3.6.
“Trademarks”
means
all
of the following: (i) all trademarks, service marks, trade names, corporate
names, company names, business names, fictitious business names, trade styles,
trade dress, logos, other source or business identifiers, designs and general
intangibles of like nature, now existing or hereafter adopted or acquired,
all
registrations and recordings thereof, and all registration and recording
applications filed in connection therewith, including registrations and
registration applications in the United
States Patent and Trademark Office or any similar offices in the United States
or any other country, and
all
extensions or renewals thereof, including those described on Schedule
3.6, (ii)
all
goodwill associated
therewith or symbolized by any of the foregoing and (iii) all other assets,
rights and interests that
uniquely reflect or embody such goodwill.
“QRF
Lender” has
the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.4(c).
“UCC”
means the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time in the State
of
New
York or, when the context implies, the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect
from
time to time in
any
other applicable jurisdiction.
Section
1.2 Other
Definitions; Interpretation
(a)
Other
Definitions. Capitalized
terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein, and the term “subsidiary” shall have the meanings assigned to such terms
in the Securities Purchase
Agreement.
(b)
Rules
of Interpretation. The
definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to
the
singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context may
require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and
neuter forms. The words “include”, “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to
be followed by the phrase “without limitation”. The word “will” shall be
construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall”. Unless the
context requires otherwise,
(i) any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument or other
document herein shall be
construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from
time to time amended, supplemented
or otherwise modified, (ii) any definition of or reference to any law shall
be
construed as referring
to such law as from time to time amended and any successor thereto and the
rules
and regulations
promulgated from time to time thereunder, (iii) any reference herein to any
Person shall be construed
to include such Person's successors and permitted assigns, (iv) the words
“herein”, “hereof”
and
“hereunder”, and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this
Guarantee and Security Agreement
in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof, (v) all references
herein to Articles, Sections,
Exhibits and Schedules shall be construed to refer to Articles and Sections
of,
and Exhibits and Schedules
to and any Supplement thereto, this Guarantee and Security Agreement, and (vi)
the words “asset”
and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to
refer to any and all tangible
and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts
and
contract rights. All references herein to provisions of the UCC shall include
all successor provisions under any subsequent version
or amendment to any Article of the UCC.
Section
1.3 Guarantee
(a) Subsidiary
Guarantee; Limitation of Liability.
(i)
Each
Subsidiary Guarantor jointly and severally, hereby absolutely,
unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees, as a primary obligor and not merely
as surety, to the Collateral Agent for the ratable benefit of the Secured
Parties the punctual payment when due (but subject to the expiration of any
grace period granted by the Secured Parties in their sole discretion or the
giving of any required notice provided for in any secured Transaction
Document),
whether at scheduled maturity or on any date of a required prepayment or by
acceleration, demand or otherwise, of the Obligations of the Company and each
other Grantor now or hereafter existing under or in respect of the Secured
Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, any extensions,
modifications, substitutions, amendments or renewals of any or all of the
foregoing Obligations), whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent,
and
whether
for principal, interest, premiums, fees, indemnities, contract causes of action,
costs, expenses
or otherwise (such Obligations being the “Guaranteed
Obligations”), and
agrees to pay any and all reasonable expenses (including, without limitation,
reasonable fees and out-of-pocket
expenses of counsel) incurred by the Collateral Agent or any other Investor
in
enforcing any
rights under this Subsidiary Guarantee (the “Subsidiary
Guarantee”) or
any
other Secured Transaction
Document. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Subsidiary
Guarantor's liability shall extend to all amounts that constitute part of the
Guaranteed Obligations and
would
be owed by any other Grantor to the Collateral Agent or any Investor under
or in
respect
of the Secured Transaction Documents but for the fact that they are
unenforceable or not allowable
due to the existence of a bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding
involving such
other Grantor.
(ii)
Each
Subsidiary Guarantor, and by its acceptance of this Subsidiary
Guarantee, the Collateral Agent and each other Investor, hereby confirms that
it
is the intention
of all such Persons that this Subsidiary Guarantee and the Obligations of each
Subsidiary
Guarantor hereunder not constitute a fraudulent transfer or conveyance for
purposes of Bankruptcy
Law, the Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act, the Uniform Fraudulent Transfer
Act
or
any
similar foreign, federal or state law to the extent applicable to this
Subsidiary Guarantee and
the
Obligations of each Subsidiary Guarantor hereunder. To effectuate the foregoing
intention,
the Collateral Agent, each Investor and the Subsidiary Guarantors hereby
irrevocably agree
that the Guaranteed Obligations of each Subsidiary Guarantor under this
Subsidiary Guarantee
at any time shall be limited to the maximum amount as will result in the
Guaranteed Obligations
of such Subsidiary Guarantor under this Subsidiary Guarantee not constituting
a
fraudulent
transfer or conveyance.
(iii)
Each Subsidiary Guarantor hereby unconditionally and irrevocably
agrees that in the event any payment shall be required to be made to the
Collateral Agent
or
any Investor under this Subsidiary Guarantee, such Subsidiary Guarantor will
contribute, to
the
maximum extent permitted by law, such amounts to each other Subsidiary Guarantor
so as to
maximize the aggregate amount then required to be paid to the Collateral Agent
and Investor under
or
in respect of the Secured Transaction Documents.
(b)
Subsidiary
Guarantee Absolute. Each
Subsidiary Guarantor guarantees that
the
Guaranteed Obligations will be paid strictly in accordance with the terms of
the
Secured Transaction Documents, regardless of any law, regulation or order now
or
hereafter in effect in any jurisdiction
affecting any of such terms or the rights of the Collateral Agent or any
Investor with respect thereto.
The Obligations of each Subsidiary Guarantor under or in respect of this
Subsidiary Guarantee are
independent of the Guaranteed Obligations or any other Obligations of any other
Grantor under or in respect of the Secured Transaction Documents, and a separate
action or actions may be brought and prosecuted
against each Subsidiary Guarantor to enforce this Subsidiary Guarantee,
irrespective of whether
any action is brought against the Company or any other Grantor or whether the
Company or any other
Grantor is joined in any such action or actions. The liability of each
Subsidiary Guarantor under this Subsidiary Guarantee shall be irrevocable,
absolute and unconditional irrespective of, and each Subsidiary Guarantor hereby
irrevocably waives any defenses it may now have or hereafter acquire in any
way
relating to, any or all of the following:
(i)
any
lack of validity or enforceability of any Secured Transaction
Document or any agreement or instrument relating thereto;
(ii)
any
change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in
any
other term of, all or any of the Guaranteed Obligations or any other Obligations
of any other
Grantor under or in respect of the Secured Transaction Documents, or any other
amendment or
waiver
of or any consent to departure from any Secured Transaction Document, including,
without
limitation, any increase in the Guaranteed Obligations resulting from the
extension of additional
credit to any Grantor or any of its Subsidiaries or otherwise;
(iii)
any
taking, release or amendment or waiver of, or consent to
departure from, any other guarantee, for all or any of the Guaranteed
Obligations it being understood
that any such amendment, waiver or consent shall be applicable to the Guaranteed
Obligations
of the Subsidiary Guarantors;
(iv)
any
change, restructuring or termination of the corporate structure
or existence of any Grantor or any of its Subsidiaries;
(v)
any
failure of any Investor to disclose to any Grantor any information relating
to
the business, condition (financial or otherwise), operations, performance,
properties
or prospects of any other Grantor now or hereafter known to such Investor (each
Subsidiary
Guarantor waiving any duty on the part of the Investor to disclose such
information);
(vi)
the
failure of any other Person to execute or deliver this Agreement,
any Supplement or any other guarantee or agreement or the release or reduction
of liability
of any Subsidiary Guarantor or other guarantor or surety with respect to the
Guaranteed Obligations;
or
(vii)
any
other circumstance (including, without limitation, any statute
of limitations) or any existence of or reliance on any representation by any
Investor that might
otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, any Grantor
or
any other guarantor or surety, in each case other than payment in full of the
Guaranteed Obligations (other than
contingent indemnification obligations).
This
Subsidiary Guarantee shall continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the
case may be, if at any time
any
payment of any of the Guaranteed Obligations is rescinded or must otherwise
be
returned by any Investor
or any other Person upon the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of the
Company or any other
Grantor or otherwise, all as though such payment had not been made.
(c)
Waivers
and Acknowledgments.
Each
Subsidiary Guarantor hereby unconditionally
and irrevocably waives:
(i)
promptness, diligence, notice of acceptance, presentment, demand
for performance, notice of nonperformance, default, acceleration, protest or
dishonor and any
other
notice with respect to any of the Guaranteed Obligations and this Subsidiary
Guarantee and
any
requirement that any Investor protect, secure, perfect or insure any Lien or
any
property subject
thereto or exhaust any right or take any action against any Grantor or any
other
Person;
(ii)
any
right to revoke this Subsidiary Guarantee and acknowledges
that this Subsidiary Guarantee is continuing in nature and applies to all
Guaranteed Obligations,
whether existing now or in the future;
(iii)
(A)
any defense arising by reason of any claim or defense based
upon an election of remedies by any Investor that in any manner impairs,
reduces, releases or
otherwise adversely affects the subrogation, reimbursement, exoneration,
contribution or indemnification
rights of such Subsidiary Guarantor or other rights of such Subsidiary Guarantor
to
proceed against any of the other Grantors, any other guarantor or any other
Person, and (B) any defense
based on any right of set-off or counterclaim against or in respect of the
Obligations of such
Subsidiary Guarantor hereunder;
(iv)
any
duty on the part of any Investor to disclose to such Subsidiary
Guarantor any matter, fact or thing relating to the business, condition
(financial or otherwise),
operations, performance, properties or prospects of any other Grantor or any
of
its Subsidiaries
now or hereafter known by such Investor; and
(v)
each
Subsidiary Guarantor acknowledges that it will receive
substantial direct and indirect benefits from the financing arrangements
contemplated by the
Secured Transaction Documents and that the waivers set forth in Section 1.3(b)
and this Section
1.3(c) are knowingly made in contemplation of such benefits.
(d)
Subrogation. Each
Subsidiary Guarantor hereby unconditionally and irrevocably
agrees not to exercise any rights that it may now have or hereafter acquire
against the Company
or any other Grantor that arise from the existence, payment, performance or
enforcement of such
Subsidiary Guarantor's obligations under or in respect of this Subsidiary
Guarantee or any other Secured
Transaction Document, including, without limitation, any right of subrogation,
reimbursement, exoneration,
contribution or indemnification and any right to participate in any claim or
remedy of any Investor
against the Company or any other Grantor, whether or not such claim, remedy
or
right arises in equity
or
under contract, statute or common law, including, without limitation, the right
to take or receive from
the
Company or any other Grantor, directly or indirectly, in cash or other property
or by set-off or in any other manner, payment or security on account of such
claim, remedy or right, unless and until all of the
Guaranteed Obligations (other than contingent indemnification rights) shall
have
been paid in full in cash.
If
any amount shall be paid to any Subsidiary Guarantor in violation of the
immediately preceding sentence
at any time prior to the latest of the payment in full in cash of the Guaranteed
Obligations (other than
contingent indemnification rights), such amount shall be received and held
in
trust for the benefit of the
Investor, shall be segregated from other property and funds of such Subsidiary
Guarantor and shall forthwith be paid or delivered to the Collateral Agent
in
the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsement
or assignment) to be credited and applied to the Guaranteed Obligations, whether
matured or unmatured,
in accordance with the terms of the Secured Transaction Documents, or to be
held
as collateral
for any Guaranteed Obligations. If (i) any Subsidiary Guarantor shall make
payment to any Investor
of all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations and (ii) all of the Guaranteed
Obligations (other than
contingent indemnification rights) shall have been paid in full in cash, the
Investor will, at such Subsidiary
Guarantor’s
request and expense, execute and deliver to such Subsidiary Guarantor
appropriate
documents, without recourse and without representation or warranty, necessary
to
evidence the transfer by subrogation to such Subsidiary Guarantor of an interest
in the Guaranteed Obligations resulting from such payment made by such
Subsidiary Guarantor pursuant to this Subsidiary Guarantee.
(e)
Subordination. Each
Subsidiary Guarantor hereby subordinates any and all debts, liabilities and
other obligations owed to such Subsidiary Guarantor by each other Grantor (the
“Subordinated
Obligations”) to
the
Guaranteed Obligations to the extent and in the manner hereinafter set
forth
in this Section 1.3:
(i)
Prohibited
Payments, Etc. Except
during the continuance of
an
Event of Default, each Subsidiary Guarantor may receive payments from any other
Grantor on account of the Subordinated Obligations. Upon the occurrence and
during the continuance of any
Event
of Default, however, any Subsidiary Guarantor may demand, accept or take any
action to collect any payment on account of the Subordinated
Obligations.
(ii)
Prior
Payment of Guaranteed Obligations. In
any
proceeding
under any Bankruptcy Law relating to any other Grantor, each Subsidiary
Guarantor agrees that the Investor shall be entitled to receive payment in
full
in cash of all Guaranteed Obligations
(includings all interest and expenses accruing after the commencement of a
proceeding
under any Bankruptcy Law, whether or not constituting an allowed claim in such
proceeding
(“Post-Petition
Interest”)) (other
than contingent indemnification obligations) before such
Subsidiary Guarantor receives payment of any Subordinated
Obligations.
(iii)
Turn-Over.
Upon the
occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, each Subsidiary
Guarantor shall upon written request by the Collateral
Agent, collect, enforce and receive payments on account of the Subordinated
Obligations
as trustee for the Investor and deliver such payments to the Collateral Agent
on
account
of the Guaranteed Obligations (including all Post-Petition Interest), together
with any necessary endorsements or other instruments of transfer, but without
reducing or affecting in any manner
the liability of such Subsidiary Guarantor under the other provisions of this
Subsidiary Guarantee.
(iv)
Collateral
Agent Authorization. Upon
the
occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, the Collateral
Agent is authorized and empowered (but without any obligation to so do), in
its
reasonable discretion, (A) in the name of each
Subsidiary Guarantor, to collect and enforce, and to submit claims in respect
of, the Subordinated
Obligations and to apply any amounts received thereon to the Guaranteed
Obligations (including any and all Post-Petition Interest), and (B) to require
each Subsidiary Guarantor
(1) to collect and enforce, and to submit claims in respect of, the Subordinated
Obligations
and (2) to pay any amounts received on such obligations to the Collateral Agent
for application to the Guaranteed Obligations (including any and all
Post-Petition Interest).
(f)
Continuing
Subsidiary Guarantee; Assignments. This
Subsidiary Guarantee
is a continuing guarantee and shall (i) remain in full force and effect until
the payment in full in cash of the Guaranteed Obligations, (ii) be binding
upon
each Subsidiary Guarantor, its successors and assigns, and (iii) inure to the
benefit of and be enforceable by the Investor and their successors and permitted
transferees and assigns.
(g)
Mandatory
Provisions of Bankruptcy Law. Nothing
in this Section 1.3 shall limit any rights a receiver, liquidator, insolvency
administrator may have under the GermanInsolvency
Act (Insolvenzordnung).
Section
1.4 Grant
of Security
(a)
Grant
by Grantors. As
security for the payment or performance, as applicable, in full of the
Obligations, each Grantor hereby pledges and grants to the Collateral Agent,
for
the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties, a lien on and security interest
(the
“Security
Interest”) in
and
to
all of
the right, title and interest of such Grantor in, to and under the following
property, wherever located, whether now existing or hereafter arising or
acquired from time to time (all of which being hereinafter collectively referred
to as the “Collateral”):
(i)
all
Accounts,
(ii)
all
Deposit Accounts and Securities Accounts, including all
Cash
Collateral Accounts and Control Accounts,
(iii)
all
Chattel Paper, Documents and Instruments,
(iv)
all
Commercial Tort Claims,
(v)
all
Equipment,
(vi)
all
General Intangibles,
(vii)
all
Goods,
(viii)
all Insurance,
(ix)
all
Instruments,
(x)
all
Intellectual Property,
(xi)
all
Inventory,
(xii)
all
Investment Property, including all Pledged Collateral and
all
Securities Control Accounts,
(xiii)
all Proceeds of Authorizations,
(xiv)
all
Receivables and Receivables Records,
(xv)
all
other
goods and personal property of such Grantor, whether tangible or intangible,
wherever located, including letters of credit,
(xvi)
to
the extent not otherwise included in clauses (i) through (xv)
of
this Section, all Collateral Records, Collateral Support and Supporting
Obligations in respect
of any of the foregoing,
(xvii)
to
the extent not otherwise included in clauses (i) through (xvi)
of
this Section, all other property in which a security interest may be granted
under the UCC or which may be delivered to and held by the Collateral Agent
pursuant to the terms hereof (including the account referred to in Section
3.4(c)(ii) and all funds and other property from time to time therein or
credited thereto),
(xviii)
all Collateral of Twistbox Games Ltd. & Co. KG as further defined
in Schedule
1.4(a) in
compliance with mandatory German law, and
(xix)
to
the extent not otherwise included in clauses (i) through (xvii)
of
this Section, all Proceeds, products, substitutions, accessions, rents and
profits of or in respect
of any of the foregoing.
(b)
Revisions
to UCC.
For the
avoidance of doubt, it is expressly understood and
agreed that, to the extent the UCC is revised after the date hereof such that
the definition of any of the foregoing terms included in the description or
definition of the Collateral is changed, the parties hereto desire
that any property which is included in such changed definitions, but which
would
not otherwise be included
in the Security Interest on the date hereof, nevertheless be included in the
Security Interest upon the effective date of such revision. Notwithstanding
the
immediately preceding sentence, the Security Interest is intended to apply
immediately on the date hereof to all of the Collateral to the fullest extent
permitted by applicable law, regardless of whether any particular item of the
Collateral was then subject to
the
UCC.
(c)
Qualified
Receivables Facility. The
Secured Parties agree with each Grantor that the Collateral Agent shall, upon
receipt of written notice of such Grantor's imminent entry into a Qualified
Receivables Facility, release the Security Interest granted hereunder in all
of
such Grantor's right, title and interest in, to and under (i) all Receivables
of
such Grantor, whereupon such Grantor shall be permitted to pledge and grant
a
first priority lien on and security interest in all of its right, title and
interest in, to and under such Receivables in favor of the lender under such
Qualified Receivables Facility
(the “QRF
Lender”) and
(ii)
an amount of cash not to exceed $1,000,000 which shall be placed in
a
Deposit Account not subject to a Control Agreement (the “QRF
Deposit Account”) whereupon
such Grantor
shall be permitted to pledge and grant a first priority lien on and security
interest in all of its right, title
and
interest in, to and under the QRF Deposit Account in favor of the QRF Lender;
provided, that
the
QRF
Deposit Account shall not be commingled with and shall be separate from the
Deposit Accounts on which
the
Secured Party has an existing Lien. Promptly after the QRF Lender's filing
of a
UCC-1 financing
statement in respect of such Receivables, such Grantor shall, at its own cost
and expense, execute, acknowledge, deliver and/or cause to be duly filed all
such agreements, instruments and other documents that may be reasonably
requested by the Collateral Agent, and take all such further actions,
that
the
Collateral Agent may from time to time reasonably request (i) in order to pledge
and grant to the Collateral
Agent, for the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties, subject to an
intercreditor agreement which
shall contain customary limitations on the exercise of remedies and pay-over
provisions, a second priority
Security Interest in all of such Grantor's right title and interest in, to
and
under all of such Grantor's
Receivables and (ii) to enable the Collateral Agent to perfect such Security
Interest. The Secured
Parties acknowledge and agree that nothing in any Secured Transaction Document
shall restrict or
be
deemed to restrict a Grantor from agreeing with the QRF Lender that, upon the
occurrence of an event
of
default under the Qualified Receivables Facility, the QRF Lender shall be
entitled to instruct each
Account Debtor to remit all payments in respect of Receivables directly to
the
QRF Lender or its designee.
If any Grantor proposes to enter into a Qualified Receivables Facility, the
Collateral Agent agrees
to
negotiate an intercreditor agreement with the QRF Lender reasonably and in
good
faith. Any costs reasonably incurred by the Collateral Agent in connection
with
the negotiation of and its entry into an
intercreditor agreement with the QRF Lender shall be borne by the
Grantors.
ARTICLE
2.
SECURITY
FOR OBLIGATIONS; NO ASSUMPTION OF LIABILITY
Section
2.1 Security
for Obligations
This
Guarantee and Security Agreement secures, and the Collateral is collateral
security for,
the
prompt and complete payment or performance in full when due, whether at stated
maturity, by required
prepayment, declaration, acceleration, demand or otherwise (including the
payment of amounts that
would become due but for the operation of the automatic stay under Section
362(a) of Title 11 of the United
States Code, or any similar provision of any other bankruptcy, insolvency,
receivership or other similar law), of all Obligations with respect to each
Grantor.
Section
2.2 No
Assumption of Liability
Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary herein, the Security Interest is granted as
security
only and shall not subject the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party
to,
or in any way alter or
modify, any obligation or liability of any Grantor with respect to or arising
out of the Collateral.
ARTICLE
3.
REPRESENTATIONS
AND WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS
Section
3.1 Generally
(a) Representations
and Warranties. Each
of
the Grantors, jointly with the other
Grantors and severally, represents and warrants to the Collateral Agent and
the
other Secured Parties
that:
(i)
As of
the Applicable Date, (A) such Grantor's chief executive
office or its principal place of business is, and for the preceding four months
has been, located
at the office indicated on Schedule
3.1(a)(i), (B)
such
Grantor's jurisdiction of organization
is the jurisdiction indicated on Schedule
3.1(a)(i), and
(C)
such Grantor's Federal Employer
Identification Number and/or company organizational number is as set forth
on
Schedule
3.1(a)(i).
(ii)
As
of the Applicable Date, (A) such Grantor's full legal name
is
as set forth on Schedule
3.1(a)(ii) and
(B)
such Grantor has not changed its legal name in the preceding five years, except
as set forth on Schedule
3.1(a)(ii).
(iii)
Such Grantor has not within the five years preceding the Applicable
Date become bound (whether as a result of merger or otherwise) as debtor under
a
security agreement entered into by another Person, which has not theretofore
been terminated.
(iv)
Such
Grantor has good and valid rights in, and title to, the Collateral
with respect to which it has purported to grant the Security Interest, except
for minor defects
in title that do not materially interfere with its ability to conduct its
business as currently conducted
or to utilize such Collateral for its intended purposes, and except for Liens
expressly permitted
pursuant to the Secured Transaction Documents.
(v)
To
the best of such Grantor's knowledge, all actions and consents,
including all filings, notices, registrations and recordings, necessary or
desirable to create, perfect or ensure the first priority (subject only to
Liens
expressly permitted by the Secured Transaction Documents) of the Security
Interest in the Collateral owned or held by it or on its behalf or for the
exercise by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party of any voting
or
other
rights provided for in this Guarantee and Security Agreement or the exercise
of
any remedies
in respect of any such Collateral have been made or obtained, (A) except for
(1)
the filing of UCC financing statements naming such Grantor as “debtor” and the
Collateral Agent as “secured party”, or the making of other appropriate filings,
registrations or recordings, containing a
description of such Collateral in each applicable governmental, municipal or
other office specified on Schedule
3.1(a)(v)(A), (2)
the
filing, registration or recordation of fully executed security agreements in
the
form hereof (or in such other form as shall be in all respects satisfactory
to
the Collateral Agent) and containing a description of all such Collateral
consisting of Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights, together with all other
necessary documents, in each applicable governmental registry or office, (3)
Deposit Accounts with respect to which a Control Agreement is not required
hereunder or is not required as of the Applicable Date, (4) Collateral in which
the Security Interest may be perfected only by possession, the delivery of
which
to the Collateral Agent is not required hereunder; (B) except for any such
Collateral as to which the representations and warranties in this Section
3.1(a)(v)
would
not
be true solely by virtue of such Collateral having been used or disposed of
in a
manner expressly permitted hereunder or under any other Secured Transaction
Document; and (C) except to the extent that such Security Interest may
not
be perfected by filing, registering, recording or taking any other action in
the
United States.
The filing, in a timely manner, of the Securities Purchase Agreement and/or
the
Guarantee
and Security Agreement and/or the Pledge Agreements with the following
governmental bodies is required in order to perfect the security interests
granted thereunder:
|
· |
The
United States Patent and Trademark Office and the United States Copyright
Office
|
|
· |
The
Patents, Trademarks and Designs Office of any other jurisdiction.
|
The
Collateral Agent agrees that it shall not seek (nor require any Grantor
to take any action in order) to perfect its Security Interest in the trademarks
set forth on Schedule
3.1(a)(v)(B).
Subsequent
recording and filing with the United States Patent and Trademark
Office and the United States Copyright Office may be necessary to perfect a
Lien
on registered patents, trademarks, trademark applications and copyrights
acquired by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries after the date
hereof.
(vi)
It
has not filed or authorized the filing of (A) any financing statement
or analogous document under the UCC or any other applicable laws covering any
such Collateral,
(B) any assignment in which it assigns any such Collateral or any security
agreement or similar instrument covering any such Collateral with the United
States Patent and Trademark Office
or
the United States Copyright Office, or (C) any assignment in which it assigns
any such Collateral
or any security agreement or similar instrument covering any such Collateral
with any foreign governmental, municipal or other office, in each case, which
financing statement, analogous
document, assignment or other instrument, as applicable, is still in effect,
except for Liens
expressly permitted by the Secured Transaction Documents.
(vii)
The
Security Interest in the Collateral owned or held by it or
on its
behalf (A) is effective to vest in the Collateral Agent, on behalf of the
Secured Parties, the
rights of the Collateral Agent in such Collateral as set forth herein and (B)
does not violate Regulation
T, U or X as of the Applicable Date.
(viii)
Immediately after the Applicable Date, (i) the fair value of the
assets of the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors, taken as a whole, at a
fair
valuation, will exceed their debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent
or
otherwise, (ii) the present fair saleable
value of the property of the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors, taken as
a
whole, will
be
greater than the amount that will be required to pay the probable liability
of
their debts and
other
liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and other
liabilities become
absolute and matured, (iii) the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors, taken
as
a whole, will
be
able to pay its debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise,
as
such debts and
liabilities become absolute and matured, and (iv) each of the Company and the
Subsidiary Guarantors will not have unreasonably small capital with which to
conduct the business following such
date.
(b)
Covenants
and Agreements. Each
Grantor hereby covenants and agrees as follows:
(i)
It
will promptly notify the Collateral Agent in writing of any
change (A) in its legal name, (B) in the location of its chief executive office,
principal place of business, any office in which it maintains books or records
relating to any of the Collateral owned or held by it or on its behalf or,
except to the extent permitted by Section 3.1(b)(vii) or Section 3.2, any office
or facility at which any such Collateral is located (including the establishment
of any such new office or facility), (C) in its identity or legal or
organizational structure or its jurisdiction of formation, or (D) in its Federal
Taxpayer Identification Number. It agrees not to effect or permit any change
referred to in the preceding sentence unless all filings have been made under
the Uniform Commercial Code or otherwise that are required in order for the
Collateral Agent to continue at all times following such change to have a valid,
legal and perfected security interest in all the Collateral with the priority
required hereby.
(ii)
It
shall
maintain, at its own cost and expense, such complete
and accurate Records with respect to the Collateral owned or held by it or
on
its behalf as
is
consistent with its current practices and in accordance with such prudent and
standard practices
used in industries that are the same as or similar to those in which it is
engaged, but in any
event
to include complete accounting Records indicating all payments and proceeds
received with
respect to any part of such Collateral.
(iii)
It
shall, at its own cost and expense, take any and all actions
reasonably necessary to defend title to the Collateral owned or held by it
or on
its behalf against
all Persons and to defend the Security Interest in such Collateral and the
priority thereof against
any Lien or other interest not expressly permitted by the Secured Transaction
Documents, and in furtherance thereof, it shall not take, or permit to be taken,
any action not otherwise expressly
permitted by the Secured Transaction Documents that is reasonably likely to
impair the Security
Interest or the priority thereof or any Secured Party's rights in or to such
Collateral in violation
hereof.
(iv)
The
Collateral Agent and such Persons as the Collateral Agent
may
designate shall have the right at reasonable times and on reasonable notice,
at
the cost and
expense of such Grantor, to inspect all of its Records (and to make extracts
and
copies from such
Records), to discuss its affairs with its officers and (to the extent consented
to by such independent
accountants) independent accountants and to verify under reasonable procedures
the validity,
amount, quality, quantity, value, condition and status of, or any other matter
relating to, the
Collateral owned or held by or on behalf of such Grantor, including, upon the
occurrence and during
the continuance of any Event of Default, in the case of Receivables, Pledged
Debt, General Intangibles, Commercial Tort Claims or Collateral in the
possession of any third person, by
contacting Account Debtors, contract parties or other obligors thereon or any
third person possessing
such Collateral for the purpose of making such a verification. The Collateral
Agent shall maintain the confidentiality of all such information and shall
have
the absolute right to share on a confidential basis any information it gains
from such inspection or verification with any Secured Party.
(v)
At
its option, the Collateral Agent may discharge past due taxes,
assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances
at
any time levied
or
placed on the Collateral owned or held by or on behalf of such Grantor, and
not
permitted
by the Secured Transaction Documents, and may pay for the maintenance and
preservation
of such Collateral to the extent such Grantor fails to do so as required by
the
Secured Transaction
Documents, and such Grantor agrees, jointly with the other Grantors and
severally, to reimburse
the Collateral Agent on demand for any payment made or any expense incurred
by
the Collateral
Agent pursuant to the foregoing authorization; provided, however, that
nothing in this paragraph
shall be interpreted as excusing any Grantor from the performance of, or
imposing any obligation
on the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to cure or perform, any
covenants or
other
promises of any Grantor with respect to taxes, assessments, charges, fees,
Liens, security interests
or other encumbrances and maintenance as set forth herein or in the other
Secured Transaction
Documents.
(vi)
It
shall not be excused from liability as a result of granting of
the
Security Interest pursuant to this Guarantee and Security Agreement to observe
and perform
all the conditions and obligations to be observed and performed by it under
each
contract, agreement
or instrument relating to the Collateral owned or held by it or on its behalf,
all in accordance with the terms and conditions thereof and it agrees, jointly
with the other Grantors and
severally, to indemnify and hold harmless the Collateral Agent and the other
Secured Parties from and against any and all liability for such
performance.
(vii)
It
shall not make, or permit to be made, an assignment, pledge
or
hypothecation of the Collateral owned or held by it or on its behalf, or grant
any other Lien
in
respect of such Collateral, except as expressly permitted by the Secured
Transaction Documents.
Except as expressly permitted by the Secured Transaction Documents, it shall
not
make
or
permit to be made any transfer of such Collateral, and it shall remain at all
times in possession
of such Collateral and the direct owner, beneficially and of record, of the
Pledged Equity
Interests included in such Collateral, except that (A) Inventory may be sold
in
the ordinary course
of
business and (B) unless and until the Collateral Agent shall notify it that
an
Event of Default
shall have occurred and be continuing and that, during the continuance thereof,
it shall not
sell,
convey, lease, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of any such Collateral
(which notice may
be
given by telephone if promptly confirmed in writing), it may use and dispose
of
such Collateral
in any lawful manner not inconsistent with the provisions of this Guarantee
and
Security
Agreement or any other Secured Transaction Document.
Section
3.2 Equipment
and Inventory
Each
of
the Grantors, jointly with the other Grantors and severally, represents and
warrants to the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties that, except
for
such Equipment and Inventory
that does not exceed a book value of $100,000 in the aggregate for all Grantors,
as of the Applicable
Date, all of the Equipment and Inventory included in the Collateral owned or
held by it or on its
behalf (other than mobile goods and Inventory and Equipment in transit) is
kept
only at the locations specified
on Schedule
3.2. In
addition, each Grantor covenants and agrees that it shall not permit any
Equipment
or Inventory owned or held by it or on its behalf to be in the possession or
control of any warehouseman,
bailee, agent or processor for a period of greater than ninety (90) consecutive
days, unless such
warehouseman, bailee, agent or processor shall have been notified of the
Security Interest and shall have
agreed in writing to hold such Equipment or Inventory subject to the Security
Interest and the instructions
of the Collateral Agent and to waive and release any Lien held by it with
respect to such Equipment
or Inventory, whether arising by operation of law or otherwise.
Section
3.3 Receivables
(a)
Representations
and Warranties. Each
of
the Grantors, jointly with the other
Grantors and severally, represents and warrants to the Collateral Agent and
the
other Secured Parties
that, except for (i) Receivables valued at less than $25,000 individually and
$100,000 in the aggregate for all Grantors or (ii) any Receivable pledged to
the
QRF Lender, no Receivable is evidenced by
an
Instrument (other than checks received in the ordinary course of business)
or
Chattel Paper that has not
been
delivered to the Collateral Agent.
(b)
Covenants
and Agreements.
Each
Grantor hereby covenants and agrees that:
(i)
At
the reasonable request of the Collateral Agent, it shall mark
conspicuously, in form and manner reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral
Agent, all Chattel
Paper, Instruments (other than checks received in the ordinary course of
business) and other evidence of any Receivables owned or held by it or on its
behalf (other than any delivered to the Collateral Agent as provided herein
and
other than purchase orders sent to customers), as well as the related
Receivables Records with an appropriate reference to the fact that the
Collateral
Agent has a security interest therein.
(ii)
Except
with respect to any Receivable pledged to the QRF Lender,
it will not, without the Collateral Agent's prior written consent (which consent
shall not be
unreasonably withheld), grant any extension of the time of payment of any such
Receivable, compromise,
compound or settle the same for less than the full amount thereof, release,
wholly or partly,
any Supporting Obligation or Collateral Support relating thereto, or allow
any
credit or discount
whatsoever thereon, other than extensions, credits, discounts, releases,
compromises or settlements
granted or made in the ordinary course of business and consistent with its
then
current practices
and in accordance with such practices reasonably believed by such Grantor to
be
prudent.
(iii)
Except as otherwise provided in this Section and unless otherwise
determined by such Grantor in accordance with its good faith business judgment,
it shall continue to use its best efforts to collect all amounts due or to
become due to it under all such
Receivables and any Supporting Obligations or Collateral Support relating
thereto, and diligently exercise each material right it may have thereunder,
in
each case at its own cost and expense, and in connection with such collections
and exercise, it shall, upon the occurrence and during
the continuance of an Event of Default, except with respect to any Receivable
pledged to the
QRF
Lender, take such action as it or the Collateral Agent may reasonably deem
necessary. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the Collateral Agent shall have the right at any time upon the
occurrence
and during the continuance of an Event of Default to notify, or require such
Grantor to notify,
any Account Debtor with respect to any such Receivable, Supporting Obligation
or
Collateral
Support of the Collateral Agent's security interest therein, and in addition,
at
any time during
the continuation of an Event of Default, the Collateral Agent may: (A) direct
such Account
Debtor to make payment of all amounts due or to become due to such Grantor
thereunder
directly to the Collateral Agent and (B) enforce, at the cost and expense of
such Grantor,
collection thereof and to adjust, settle or compromise the amount or payment
thereof, in the
same
manner and to the same extent as such Grantor would be able to have done. If
the
Collateral Agent notifies such Grantor that it has elected to collect any such
Receivable, Supporting
Obligation or Collateral Support in accordance with the preceding sentence,
any
payments
thereof received by such Grantor shall not be commingled with any of its other
funds or property but shall be held separate and apart therefrom, shall be
held
in trust for the benefit of the Collateral
Agent hereunder and shall be forthwith delivered to the Collateral Agent in
the
same form
as
so received (with any necessary indorsement), and such Grantor shall not grant
any extension
of the time of payment thereof, compromise, compound or settle the same for
less
than the
full
amount thereof, release the same, wholly or partly, or allow any credit or
discount whatsoever
thereon. For the avoidance of doubt, the parties agree that the foregoing second
and third
sentences of this Section 3.3(b)(iii) shall not apply to or be of any force
or
effect in respect of any Receivable which has been pledged to the QRF
Lender.
(iv)
It
shall use its reasonable best efforts to keep in full force and
effect any Supporting Obligation or Collateral Support relating to any
Receivable.
(v)
During the continuance of an Event of Default, at the request
of the Collateral Agent, it shall direct each Account Debtor to make payment
on
each Receivable,
other than any Receivable which has been pledged to the QRF Lender, to a Control
Account.
Section
3.4 Investment
Property
(a) Representations
and Warranties. Each
of
the Grantors, jointly with the other Grantors and severally, represents and
warrants to the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties
that:
(i)
Schedule
3.4 sets
forth, as of the Applicable Date, (i) all of the Investment Property (other
than
(A) Receivables not evidenced by an Instrument or Chattel Paper and (B) Equity
Interests with an immaterial value) owned or held by or on behalf of such
Grantor to the extent not held in a Securities Account and (ii) each Securities
Account or commodities account maintained by or on behalf of such
Grantor.
(ii)
All
Pledged Equity Interests have been duly authorized and
validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable, and such Grantor is the
direct owner, beneficially and of record, thereof, free and clear of all Liens
(other than Liens expressly permitted by the Secured Transaction
Documents).
(iii)
All
Pledged Debt other than Pledged Debt described on Schedule
3.4 hereto
has been duly authorized, issued and delivered and, where necessary,
authenticated,
and constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the obligor with
respect thereto, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to the
effects of bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization,
moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors' rights
generally, and general equitable principles (whether considered in a proceeding
in equity or at law).
(iv)
All
Investment Property, other than Investment Property held
in a
Securities Account identified on Schedule
3.4, consisting
of certificated securities, Chattel
Paper or Instruments other than checks received in the ordinary course of
business has been delivered to the Collateral Agent.
(v)
All
Pledged Collateral held by a Securities Intermediary in a
Securities Account or a commodities account is in a Securities Control
Account.
(vi)
Other than the Pledged Equity Interests that constitute General
Intangibles, there is no Investment Property other than that (x) represented
by
certificated securities or Instruments in the possession of the Collateral
Agent
or (y) held in a Securities Account
identified on Schedule
3.4.
(vii)
No
Person other than the Collateral Agent or an Approved Securities
Intermediary has “control” (within the meaning of Article 8 of the UCC) over any
Investment Property of such Grantor.
(b)
Registration
in Nominee Name; Denominations. Each
Grantor hereby agrees
that (i) without limiting Article 5, the Collateral Agent, on behalf of the
Secured Parties, shall have the right (in its sole and absolute discretion)
to
hold any Investment Property in its own name as pledgee, the name of its nominee
(as pledgee or as sub agent) or the name of the applicable Grantor, endorsed
or
assigned, where applicable, in blank or in favor of the Collateral Agent, (ii)
at the Collateral Agent's request, such Grantor will promptly give to the
Collateral Agent copies of any material notices or other communications received
by it with respect to any Investment Property registered in its name, and (iii)
the Collateral Agent shall at all times have the right to exchange any
certificates, instruments or other documents representing or evidencing any
Investment Property owned or held by or on behalf of such Grantor for
certificates, instruments or other documents of smaller or larger denominations
for any purpose consistent with this Guarantee and Security
Agreement.
(c)
Voting
and Distributions.
(i)
Unless and until an Event of Default shall have occurred and
be
continuing:
(A)
Each
Grantor shall be entitled to exercise any and all voting
and/or other consensual rights and powers inuring to an owner of the Investment
Property,
or any part thereof, for any purpose not inconsistent with the terms of this
Guarantee
and Security Agreement and the other Secured Transaction Documents; provided, however, that
such
Grantor will not be entitled to exercise any such right if the result
thereof could materially and adversely affect the rights inuring to a holder
of
the Investment
Property or the rights and remedies of the Collateral Agent under this
Guarantee
and Security Agreement or any other Secured Transaction Document or the
ability
of the Collateral Agent to exercise the same.
(B)
The
Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to each
Grantor, or cause to be executed and delivered to each Grantor, all such
proxies, powers of attorney and other instruments as such Grantor may reasonably
request for the purpose
of enabling it to exercise the voting and/or consensual rights and powers it
is
entitled
to exercise pursuant to subsection (c)(i)(A) and
to
receive the cash payments it is entitled
to receive pursuant to subsection (c)(i)(C).
(C)
Each
Grantor shall be entitled to receive, retain and use
any
and all cash dividends, interest and principal paid on the Investment Property
owned
or
held by it or on its behalf to the extent and only to the extent that such
cash
dividends,
interest and principal are not prohibited by, and otherwise paid in accordance
with,
the
terms and conditions of the Securities Purchase Agreement, the other Secured
Transaction
Documents and applicable laws. All non cash dividends, interest and principal,
and all dividends, interest and principal paid or payable in cash or otherwise
in connection
with a partial or total liquidation or dissolution, return of capital, capital
surplus
or paid in surplus, and all other distributions (other than distributions
referred to in
the
preceding sentence) made on or in respect of the Investment Property, whether
paid or
payable in cash or otherwise, whether resulting from a subdivision, combination
or reclassification
of the outstanding Pledged Equity Interests in any issuer of any Investment
Property or received in exchange for any Investment Property, or any part
thereof,
or in redemption thereof, or as a result of any merger, consolidation,
acquisition or
other
exchange of assets to which such issuer may be a party or otherwise, shall
be
and become
part of the Collateral, and, if received by such Grantor, shall not be
commingled with
any
of its other funds or property but shall be held separate and apart therefrom,
shall
be
held in trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent hereunder and shall be
forthwith
delivered to the Collateral Agent in the same form as so received (with any
necessary
endorsement).
(ii)
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, upon the occurrence
and during the continuance of an Event of Default:
(A)
Upon
the
direction of the Collateral Agent, all rights of
each
Grantor to dividends, interest or principal that it is authorized to receive
pursuant to subsection (c)(i)(C)
shall
cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the Collateral
Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority to
receive
and retain such dividends, interest or principal, as applicable. All dividends,
interest and principal received by or on behalf of any Grantor contrary to
the
provisions of
this
Section shall be held in trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent, shall
be
segregated
from other property or funds of such Grantor and shall be forthwith delivered
to
the Collateral Agent upon demand in the same form as so received (with any
necessary endorsement).
Any and all money and other property paid over to or received by the
Collateral
Agent pursuant to the provisions of this subsection (c)(ii)(A) shall
be
retained by
the
Collateral Agent in an account to be established in the name of the Collateral
Agent,
for the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties, upon receipt of such money
or
other property
and shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.2. Subject
to the
provisions of this subsection (c)(ii)(A), such
account shall at all times be under the sole
dominion and control of the Collateral Agent, and the Collateral Agent shall
at
all times
have the sole right to make withdrawals therefrom and to exercise all rights
with respect
to the funds and other property from time to time deposited therein or credited
thereto
as set forth in the Secured Transaction Documents. After all Events of Default
have
been
cured or waived, the Collateral Agent shall, within five Business Days after
all
such
Events of Default have been cured or waived, repay to the applicable Grantor
all
cash
dividends, interest and principal (without interest) that such Grantor would
otherwise
be permitted to retain pursuant to the terms of subsection (c)(i)(C)
and
which
remain
in
such account.
(B)
Upon
the direction of the Collateral Agent, all rights of
each
Grantor to exercise the voting and consensual rights and powers it is entitled
to exercise
pursuant to subsection (c)(i)(A),
and
the
obligations of the Collateral Agent under
subsection (c)(i)(B),
shall
cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in
the
Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority
to
exercise
such voting and consensual rights and powers, provided that, unless otherwise
directed
by the Investor, the Collateral Agent shall have the right from time to time
upon the
occurrence of and during the continuance of an Event of Default to permit such
Grantor
to exercise such rights. After all Events of Default have been cured or waived,
the
applicable Grantor will have the right to exercise the voting and consensual
rights and powers
that it would otherwise be entitled to exercise pursuant to the terms of
subsection (c)(i)(A).
(d)
Covenants
and Agreements. Each
Grantor hereby covenants and agrees as follows:
(i)
Each
Grantor agrees that it will not establish or maintain, or
permit
any other Grantor to establish or maintain, any Securities Account or
commodities account
that is not a Control Account.
(ii)
In
the event (A) any Grantor or any Approved Securities Intermediary
shall, after the date hereof, terminate an agreement with respect to the
maintenance of
a
Securities Control Account for any reason, (B) the Collateral Agent shall demand
the termination
of an agreement with respect to the maintenance of a Securities Control Account
as a result
of
the failure of an Approved Securities Intermediary to comply with the terms
of
the applicable Securities Control Account Letter, or (C) the Collateral Agent
determines in good faith that
the
financial condition of an Approved Securities Intermediary has materially
deteriorated, such
Grantor agrees to promptly transfer the assets held in such Securities Control
Account to another
Securities Control Account reasonably acceptable to the Collateral
Agent.
(iii)
If,
after
the date hereof, any Grantor seeks to establish a Securities
Account or commodities account or the Collateral Agent, pursuant to the
preceding clause
(ii),
requires
the transfer of the assets held in a Securities Control Account, the Collateral
Agent agrees (x) not to unreasonably withhold its consent to any Securities
Intermediary or commodity
intermediary selected by such Grantor and (y) to negotiate the Securities
Control Account
Letter reasonably and in good faith.
Section
3.5 Letter
of Credit Rights
Each
of
the Grantors, jointly with the other Grantors and severally, represents and
warrants to the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties that Schedule
3.5 sets
forth, as of the Applicable
Date, each letter of credit giving rise to a Letter of Credit Right included
in
the Collateral owned
or
held by or on behalf of such Grantor.
Section
3.6 Intellectual
Property Collateral
(a)
Representations
and Warranties. Each
of
the Grantors, jointly with the other
Grantors and severally, represents and warrants to the Collateral Agent and
the
other Secured Parties
that Schedule
3.6
sets
forth, as of the Applicable Date, all of the Patents, material Patent Licenses,
Trademarks,
Trademark Licenses, material Copyrights, material Copyright Licenses, Trade
Secret Licenses
and Domain Names included in the Collateral owned or held by such
Grantor.
(b)
Covenants
and Agreements.
Each
Grantor hereby covenants and agrees as follows:
(i)
It
will not, knowingly or intentionally, nor will it permit any
of
its licensees (or sublicensees) to, do any act, or omit to do any act, whereby
any Patent that is related to the conduct of its business may become invalidated
or dedicated to the public, and it shall
use
its reasonable best efforts to continue to mark any products covered by a Patent
with the relevant
patent number as necessary and sufficient to establish and preserve its maximum
rights under
applicable patent laws.
(ii)
It
will (either directly or through its licensees or its sublicensees),
for each Trademark that is necessary for the conduct of its business, (A)
maintain such Trademark in full force free from any claim of abandonment or
invalidity for non use, (B) display such Trademark with notice of Federal or
other analogous registration to the extent necessary
and sufficient to establish and preserve its rights under applicable law, and
(C) not knowingly
use or knowingly permit the use of such Trademark in violation of any third
party's valid
and
legal rights.
(iii)
It
will promptly notify the Collateral Agent in writing if it knows
or
has reason to know that any Intellectual Property material to the conduct of
its
business may
become abandoned, lost or dedicated to the public, or of any adverse
determination or development
(including the institution of, or any such determination or development in,
any
proceeding
in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright
Office,
or any similar offices or tribunals in the United States or any other country)
regarding such
Grantor's ownership of any such Intellectual Property, its right to register
the
same, or to keep
and
maintain the same.
(iv)
In
no event shall it, either directly or through any agent, employee,
licensee or designee, file an application for any Intellectual Property with
the
United States
Patent and Trademark Office, the United States Copyright Office or any similar
offices in the United States or any other country, unless it promptly notifies
the Collateral Agent in writing thereof
and, upon request of the Collateral Agent, executes and delivers any and all
agreements, instruments,
documents and papers as the Collateral Agent may request to evidence the
Collateral Agent's security interest in such Intellectual Property, and such
Grantor hereby appoints the Collateral
Agent as its attorney in fact to execute and file such writings for the
foregoing purposes, all
acts
of such attorney being hereby ratified and confirmed; such power, being coupled
with an interest, is irrevocable.
(v)
It
will take all necessary steps that are consistent with the practice
in any proceeding before the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the
United States
Copyright Office or any similar offices or tribunals in the United States and
the European Union,
and except as otherwise determined in its good faith business judgment, any
other country, to
maintain and pursue each material application relating to the Intellectual
Property owned or held
by
it (and to obtain the relevant grant or registration) and to maintain each
issued Patent and each
registered Trademark and Copyright that is material to the conduct of its
business, including timely
filings of applications for renewal, affidavits of use, affidavits of
incontestability and payment
of maintenance fees, and, if consistent, in good faith, with good business
judgment, to initiate
opposition, interference and cancellation proceedings against third parties.
In
the event that
it
has reason to believe that any Intellectual Property material to the conduct
of
its business has been or is about to be infringed, misappropriated or diluted
by
a third party, it promptly shall notify
the Collateral Agent in writing and shall, if consistent with good business
judgment, promptly
sue for infringement, misappropriation or dilution and to recover any and all
damages for
such
infringement, misappropriation or dilution, and take such other actions as
are
appropriate under the circumstances to protect such Intellectual
Property.
(vi)
During the continuance of an Event of Default, it shall use its
reasonable best efforts to obtain all requisite consents or approvals by the
licenser of each License
to effect the assignment (as collateral security) of all of its right, title
and
interest thereunder to the Collateral Agent or its designee.
(vii)
It
shall take all steps reasonably necessary to protect the secrecy
of all Trade Secrets relating to the products and services sold or delivered
under or in connection
with the Intellectual Property owned or held by, including entering into
confidentiality agreements
with employees and labeling and restricting access to secret information and
documents.
(viii)
It
shall in accordance with its past practices continue to collect
all amounts due or to become due to such Grantor under all Intellectual
Property, and diligently
exercise each material right it may have thereunder, in each case at its own
cost and expense,
and in connection with such collections and exercise, it shall, upon the
occurrence and during
the continuance of an Event of Default, take such action as it or the Collateral
Agent may reasonably
deem necessary. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Collateral Agent shall have
the right
at
any time after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default
to notify, or require such Grantor to notify, any relevant obligors with respect
to such amounts of the Collateral
Agent's security interest therein.
Section
3.7 Commercial
Tort Claims
(a)
Representations
and Warranties. Each
of
the Grantors, jointly with the other
Grantors and severally, represents and warrants to the Collateral Agent and
the
other Secured Parties
that Schedule
3.7 sets
forth, as of the Applicable Date, all Commercial Tort Claims made by it or
on
its
behalf or to which it otherwise has any right, title or
interest.
(b)
Covenants
and Agreements. Each
Grantor hereby covenants and agrees that
promptly after the same shall have been commenced, it shall provide to the
Collateral Agent written notice
of
any Commercial Tort Claim and any judgment, settlement or other disposition
thereof.
Section
3.8 Deposit Accounts; Control
Accounts
(a)
Representations
and Warranties. The
only
Deposit Accounts maintained by
any
Grantor on the Applicable Date are those listed on Schedule
3.8 which
sets forth such information separately
for each Grantor.
(b)
Covenants
and Agreements.
Each
Grantor hereby covenants and agrees as follows:
Prior
to
the Applicable Date, each Grantor shall cause the financial institution
where
any
Deposit Account is maintained, other than the financial institutions where
the
Deposit Accounts
specified in item nos. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Schedule
3.8 are
maintained, to enter in to a Control
Agreement in the form substantially as set forth on Exhibit B hereto;
provided, however, that
the
enforceability
of such Control Agreements shall be exclusively conditioned on the valid
issuance of the Senior
Secured Notes to the Investor and the receipt by the Company of gross proceeds
of $16,500,000 therefrom.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Deposit Accounts where the amount of cash on
deposit does not
exceed $50,000 individually or $100,000 in the aggregate (exclusive of the
amounts in accounts for unpaid
payroll, payroll taxes and withholding taxes) shall not be subject to a Control
Agreement.
Twistbox
Games Ltd. & Co. KG shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause the
financial
institution
where any Deposit Account specified in item nos. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of
Schedule 3.8 is
maintained to enter in to a Control Agreement in the form substantially as
set
forth on Exhibit B hereto
within forty-five (45) days after the Applicable Date; provided,
that if
Twistbox Games Ltd. & Co. KG
is
unable to cause one or more of such financial institutions to enter into a
Control Agreement within such
time
period, the Deposit Account(s) maintained at any such financial institutions
that are not subject to a Control Agreement (the “Excepted
Deposit Accounts”) shall
instead be subject to the following sentence.
If at any time the amount of cash on deposit in the Excepted Deposit Accounts
exceeds $500,000
in the aggregate, the excess shall within forty-five (45) days be transferred
to
a Deposit Account subject
to a Control Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Deposit Accounts where
the amount of cash
on
deposit does not exceed $50,000 individually or $100,000 in the aggregate
(exclusive of the amounts
in accounts for unpaid payroll, payroll taxes and withholding taxes) shall
not
be subject to a Control
Agreement.
Following
the Applicable Date, each Grantor shall provide the Investor and Collateral
Agent fifteen (15) days written notice prior to the formation of a Deposit
Account (each, a “New
Deposit Account”) and
shall
(i) promptly cause the financial institution where such New Deposit Account
is formed to enter into a Control Agreement with respect to such New Deposit
Account in substantially
the form as set forth on Exhibit B hereto and (ii) update Schedule
3.8
as
appropriate thereafter.
The preceding sentence shall not apply to the QRF Deposit Account.
Notwithstanding the foregoing,
New Deposit Accounts where the amount of cash on deposit does not exceed $50,000
individually
or $100,000 in the aggregate (exclusive of the amounts in accounts for unpaid
payroll, payroll
taxes and withholding taxes) shall not be subject to a Control Agreement. If
any
Grantor seeks to establish
a New Deposit Account, the Collateral Agent agrees (x) not to unreasonably
withhold its consent
to any Control Account Bank selected by such Grantor and (y) to negotiate the
Control Agreement reasonably and in good faith.
Nothing
herein shall limit the Grantors’ right to transfer balances among Deposit
Accounts where each such Deposit Account is subject to a Control
Agreement.
ARTICLE
4.
FURTHER
ASSURANCES
Each
Grantor hereby covenants and agrees, at its own cost and expense, to execute,
acknowledge, deliver and/or cause to be duly filed all such further agreements,
instruments and other documents (including favorable legal opinions in
connection with any Transaction) that may be reasonably requested by the
Collateral Agent, and take all such further actions, that the Collateral Agent
may from time to time reasonably request to preserve, protect and perfect the
Security Interest granted by it and the rights and remedies created hereby,
including the payment of any fees and taxes required in connection with its
execution and delivery of this Guarantee and Security Agreement, the granting
by
it of the Security Interest and the filing of any financing statements or other
documents in connection herewith or therewith. In addition, to the extent
permitted by applicable law, each Grantor hereby irrevocably authorizes the
Collateral Agent to file one or more financing or continuation statements,
and
amendments thereto,
relative to all or any part of the Collateral owned or held by it or on its
behalf without the signature
of such Grantor and additionally agrees that a photographic or other
reproduction of this Guarantee and Security Agreement may be filed with the
United States Patent and Trademark Office and/or the United States Copyright
Office, as applicable. Each Grantor hereby further irrevocably authorizes the
Collateral Agent to file a Record or Records, including financing statements,
in
all jurisdictions and with all filing offices that the Collateral Agent may
determine, in its sole and absolute discretion, are necessary, advisable or
prudent to perfect the Security Interest granted by it and agrees that such
financing statements may describe the Collateral owned or held by it or on
its
behalf in the same manner as described herein or may contain an indication
or
description of collateral that describes such property in any other manner
that
the Collateral Agent may determine, in its sole and absolute discretion,
is
necessary, advisable or prudent to perfect the Security Interest granted by
such
Grantor, including describing
such property as “all assets” or “all personal property.”
ARTICLE
5.
COLLATERAL
AGENT APPOINTED ATTORNEY-IN-FACT
Each
Grantor hereby appoints the Collateral Agent and any officer or agent thereof,
as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact for the purpose of carrying
out the provisions of this Guarantee and
Security Agreement and taking any action and executing any instrument that
the
Collateral Agent may
deem
necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes hereof, which appointment
is
irrevocable and coupled with an interest, and without limiting the generality
of
the foregoing, the Collateral Agent shall have the right, with power of
substitution for such Grantor and in such Grantor's name or otherwise,
for
the
use and benefit of the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties, upon
the
occurrence and during
the continuance of an Event of Default, (i) to receive, endorse, assign and/or
deliver any and all notes, acceptances, checks, drafts, money orders or other
evidences of payment relating to the Collateral owned or held by it or on its
behalf or any part thereof; (ii) to demand, collect, receive payment of, give
receipt for, and give discharges and releases of, any of such Collateral; (iii)
to sign the name of such Grantor on any invoice or bill of lading relating
to
any of such Collateral; (iv) to send verifications of Receivables owned or
held
by it or on its behalf to any Account Debtor; (v) to commence and prosecute
any
and
all suits, actions or proceedings at law or in equity in any court of competent
jurisdiction to collect
or otherwise realize on any of the Collateral owned or held by it or on its
behalf or to enforce any rights
in
respect of any of such Collateral; (vi) to settle, compromise, compound, adjust
or defend any actions,
suits or proceedings relating to any of such Collateral; (vii) to notify, or
to
require such Grantor to notify, Account Debtors and other obligors to make
payment directly to the Collateral Agent, and (viii) to use,
sell, assign, transfer, pledge, make any agreement with respect to or otherwise
deal with any of such Collateral,
and to do all other acts and things necessary to carry out the purposes of
this
Guarantee and Security
Agreement, as fully and completely as though the Collateral Agent were the
absolute owner of such
Collateral for all purposes; provided, however, that
nothing herein contained shall be construed as requiring
or obligating the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to make any
commitment or to make any inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment
received by the Collateral Agent or any other
Secured Party, or to present or file any claim or notice, or to take any action
with respect to any of the Collateral or the moneys due or to become due in
respect thereof or any property covered thereby, and no
action
taken or omitted to be taken by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party
with respect to any
of
the Collateral shall give rise to any defense, counterclaim or offset in favor
of such Grantor or to any claim or action against the Collateral Agent or any
other Secured Party in the absence of the Collateral
Agent’s or such Secured Party’s gross negligence or willful misconduct. The
provisions of this Article
shall in no event relieve any Grantor of any of its obligations hereunder or
under the other Secured Transaction
Documents with respect to any of the Collateral or impose any obligation on
the
Collateral Agent
or
any other Secured Party to proceed in any particular manner with respect to
any
of the Collateral, or
in any
way limit the exercise by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party of
any
other or further right
that it may have on the date of this Guarantee and Security Agreement or
hereafter, whether hereunder,
under any other Secured Transaction Document, by law or otherwise. Any sale
pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph shall conform to the commercially
reasonable standards as provided in Part 6 of
Article 9 of the UCC.
ARTICLE
6.
REMEDIES
UPON DEFAULT
Section
6.1 Remedies
Generally
(a)
General
Rights. Upon
the
occurrence and during the continuance of an Event
of
Default, each Grantor agrees to deliver each item of Collateral owned or held
by
it or on its behalf to the Collateral Agent on demand, and it is agreed that
the
Collateral Agent shall have the right to take any of or all the following
actions at the same or different times to the extent permitted by law: (i)
with
respect to any Collateral consisting of Intellectual Property or Commercial
Tort
Claims, on demand,
to cause the Security Interest to become an assignment, transfer and conveyance
of any such Collateral
by the applicable Grantors to the Collateral Agent, or, in the case of
Intellectual Property, to license
or sublicense, whether general, special or otherwise, and whether on an
exclusive or non-exclusive basis,
any such Collateral throughout the world on such terms and conditions and in
such manner as the Collateral
Agent shall determine (other than in violation of any then-existing licensing
arrangements to the
extent that waivers cannot be obtained), and (ii) with or without legal process
and with or without prior
notice or demand for performance, to take possession of the Collateral owned
or
held by it or on its behalf
and without liability for trespass to enter any premises where such Collateral
may be located for the purpose of taking possession of or removing such
Collateral and, generally, to exercise any and all rights afforded to a secured
party under the UCC or other applicable law. Without limiting the generality
of
the
foregoing, each Grantor agrees that, upon the occurrence and during the
continuance of an Event of Default,
the Collateral Agent shall have the right, subject to the mandatory requirements
of applicable law, to
sell
or otherwise dispose of any of the Collateral owned or held by or on behalf
of
such Grantor, at public
or
private sale or at any broker's board or on any securities exchange, for cash,
upon credit or for future
delivery as the Collateral Agent shall deem appropriate. The Collateral Agent
shall be irrevocably authorized
at any such sale of such Collateral constituting securities (if it deems it
advisable to do so) to restrict
the prospective bidders or purchasers to Persons who will represent and agree
that they are purchasing
such Collateral for their own account for investment and not with a view to
the
distribution or sale
thereof, and upon consummation of any such sale, the Collateral Agent shall
have
the right to assign, transfer
and deliver to the purchaser or purchasers thereof the Collateral so sold.
Each
such purchaser at any
such
sale shall hold the property sold absolutely, free from any claim or right
on
the part of the applicable
Grantor, and such Grantor hereby waives (to the extent permitted by law) all
rights of redemption,
stay, valuation and appraisal which such Grantor now has or may at any time
in
the future have
under any rule of law or statute now existing or hereafter enacted.
(b)
Sale
of Collateral. The
Collateral Agent shall give each Grantor ten days’ written notice (which such
Grantor agrees is reasonable notice within the meaning of Part 6 of Article
9 of
the
UCC)
of the Collateral Agent’s intention to make any sale of any of the Collateral
owned or held by or
on
behalf of such Grantor. Such notice, in the case of a public sale, shall state
the time and place for such
sale
and, in the case of a sale at a broker’s board or on a securities exchange,
shall state the board or exchange
at which such sale is to be made and the day on which such Collateral will
first
be offered for sale
at
such board or exchange. Any such public sale shall be held at such time or
times
within ordinary business
hours and at such place or places as the Collateral Agent may fix and state
in
the notice (if any) of
such
sale. At any such sale, the Collateral to be sold may be sold in one lot as
an
entirety or in separate parcels, as the Collateral Agent may (in its sole and
absolute discretion) determine. The Collateral Agent shall
not
be obligated to make any sale of any Collateral if it shall determine not to
do
so, regardless of the
fact
that notice of sale of such Collateral shall have been given. The Collateral
Agent may, without notice
or
publication, adjourn any public or private sale or cause the same to be
adjourned from time to time
by
announcement at the time and place fixed for sale, and such sale may, without
further notice, be made
at
the time and place to which the same was so adjourned. In case any sale of
any
of the Collateral is
made
on credit or for future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by
the
Collateral Agent until the sale price is paid by the purchaser or purchasers
thereof, but the Collateral Agent shall not incur any
liability in case any such purchaser or purchasers shall fail to take up and
pay
for the Collateral so sold
and,
in case of any such failure, such Collateral may be sold again upon like notice.
At any public (or,
to
the extent permitted by applicable law, private) sale made pursuant to this
Section, any Secured Party
may
bid for or purchase, free (to the extent permitted by applicable law) from
any
right of redemption,
stay, valuation or appraisal on the part of such Grantor (all said rights being
also hereby waived and released to the extent permitted by law), any of the
Collateral offered for sale and may make payment on account thereof by using
any
claim then due and payable to such Secured Party from such Grantor as a credit
against the purchase price, and such Secured Party may, upon compliance with
the
terms of sale, hold, retain and dispose of such property without further
accountability to such Grantor therefor.
For purposes hereof, (i) a written agreement to purchase any of the Collateral
shall be treated as a sale thereof, (ii) the Collateral Agent shall be free
to
carry out such sale pursuant to such agreement, and (iii)
no
Grantor shall be entitled to the return of any of the Collateral subject
thereto, notwithstanding the fact that after the Collateral Agent shall have
entered into such an agreement all Events of Default shall have
been
remedied and the Obligations paid in full. As an alternative to exercising
the
power of sale herein
conferred upon it, the Collateral Agent may proceed by a suit or suits at law
or
in equity to foreclose
upon any of the Collateral and to sell any of the Collateral pursuant to a
judgment or decree of a court
or
courts having competent jurisdiction or pursuant to a proceeding by a
court-appointed receiver. Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Grantor agrees as follows: (A)
if
the proceeds of any
sale
of the Collateral owned or held by it or on its behalf pursuant to this Article
are insufficient to pay all the Obligations, it shall be liable for the
resulting deficiency and the fees, charges and disbursements
of any counsel employed by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party
to
collect such deficiency,
(B) it hereby waives any claims against the Collateral Agent arising by reason
of the fact that the price at which any such Collateral may have been sold
at
any private sale pursuant to this Article was less
than
the price that might have been obtained at a public sale, even if the Collateral
Agent accepts the first
offer received and does not offer such Collateral to more than one offeree,
(C)
there is no adequate remedy
at
law for failure by it to comply with the provisions of this Section and that
such failure would not be adequately compensible in damages, and therefore
agrees that its agreements in this Section may be
specifically enforced, (D) the Collateral Agent may sell any such Collateral
without giving any warranties
as to such Collateral, and the Collateral Agent may specifically disclaim any
warranties of title or the like, and (E) the Collateral Agent shall have no
obligation to marshall any such Collateral.
Section
6.2 Application
of Proceeds of Sale
The
Collateral Agent shall apply the proceeds of any collection or sale of the
Collateral, as
well
as any Collateral consisting of cash, as follows:
FIRST, to
the
payment of all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by the Collateral Agent
in
connection with such collection or sale or otherwise in connection with
this
Guarantee and Security Agreement, any other Secured Transaction Document or
any
of
the Obligations, including all out of pocket court costs and the reasonable
fees
and expenses of its agents and legal counsel, the repayment of all advances
made
by the Collateral
Agent hereunder or under any other Secured Transaction Document on behalf of
any
Grantor and any other reasonable out-of-pocket costs or expenses incurred in
connection with the exercise of any right or remedy hereunder or under any
other
Secured Transaction
Document;
SECOND,
to the
payment in full of the Obligations (the amounts so applied
to be distributed among the Secured Parties pro rata in accordance with the
amounts of the Obligations owed to them on the date of any such distribution);
and
THIRD, to
the
applicable Grantor, its successors or assigns, or as a court of
competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct.
The
Collateral Agent shall have sole and absolute discretion as to the order
of
application of any such proceeds, moneys or balances in accordance with this
Guarantee and Security Agreement. Upon
any
sale of the Collateral by the Collateral Agent (including pursuant to a power
of
sale granted by statute or under a judicial proceeding), the receipt of the
purchase money by the Collateral Agent or of the officer making the sale
shall
be a sufficient discharge to the purchaser or purchasers of the Collateral
so
sold
and
such purchaser or purchasers shall not be obligated to see to the application
of
any part of the purchase
money paid over to the Collateral Agent or such officer or be answerable
in any
way for the misapplication
thereof.
Section
6.3 Investment
Property
In
view
of the position of each Grantor in relation to the Investment Property, or
because of
other
current or future circumstances, a question may arise under the Securities
Act
of 1933, as now or hereafter in effect, or any similar statute hereafter enacted
analogous in purpose or effect (such Act and any
such
similar statute as from time to time in effect being called the “Federal
securities laws”) with
respect
to any disposition of the Investment Property permitted hereunder. Each Grantor
understands that compliance with the Federal securities laws might very strictly
limit the course of conduct of the Collateral
Agent if the Collateral Agent were to attempt to dispose of all or any part
of
the Investment Property, and might also limit the extent to which or the manner
in which any subsequent transferee of any
Investment Property could dispose of the same. Similarly, there may be other
legal restrictions or limitations
affecting the Collateral Agent in any attempt to dispose of all or part of
the
Investment Property
under applicable Blue Sky or other state securities laws or similar laws
analogous in purpose or effect.
Each Grantor recognizes that in light of such restrictions and limitations
the
Collateral Agent may, with
respect to any sale of the Investment Property, limit the purchasers to those
who will agree, among other
things, to acquire such Investment Property for their own account, for
investment, and not with a view
to
the distribution or resale thereof. Each Grantor acknowledges and agrees that
in
light of such restrictions
and limitations, the Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion,
(i)
may proceed to make
such
a sale whether or not a registration statement for the purpose of registering
such Investment Property,
or any part thereof, shall have been filed under the Federal securities laws
and
(ii) may approach and
negotiate with a single potential purchaser to effect such sale. Each Grantor
acknowledges and agrees
that any such sale might result in prices and other terms less favorable to
the
seller than if such sale were
a
public sale without such restrictions. In the event of any such sale, the
Collateral Agent shall incur no
responsibility or liability for selling all or any part of the Investment
Property at a price that the Collateral
Agent, in its discretion, may in good faith deem reasonable under the
circumstances, notwithstanding
the possibility that a substantially higher price might have been realized
if
the sale were deferred
until after registration as aforesaid or if more than a single purchaser were
approached. The provisions
of this Section will apply notwithstanding the existence of a public or private
market upon which
the
quotations or sales prices may exceed substantially the price at which the
Collateral Agent sells any
such
Investment Property.
Section
6.4 Grant
of License to Use Intellectual Property
For
the
purpose of enabling the Collateral Agent to exercise rights and remedies under
this Article, at such time as the Collateral Agent shall be lawfully entitled
to
exercise such rights and remedies, each Grantor hereby grants to the Collateral
Agent an irrevocable, non exclusive license (exercisable
without payment of royalty or other compensation to such Grantor) to use,
license or sub license
any of the Collateral consisting of Intellectual Property now owned or held
or
hereafter acquired or
held
by or on behalf of such Grantor, and wherever the same may be located, and
including in such license
reasonable access to all media in which any of the licensed items may be
recorded or stored and to all
computer software and programs used for the compilation or printout thereof.
The
use of such license by the Collateral Agent shall be exercised, at the option
of
the Collateral Agent, upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an
Event of Default; provided that any license, sub license or other transaction
entered into by the Collateral Agent in accordance herewith shall be binding
upon such Grantor notwithstanding
any subsequent cure of an Event of Default. Any royalties and other payments
received by
the
Collateral Agent shall be applied in accordance with Section 6.2.
ARTICLE
7.
REIMBURSEMENT
OF COLLATERAL AGENT
Each
Grantor agrees, jointly with the other Grantors and severally, to pay to the
Collateral
Agent the amount of any and all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including
the
fees, other charges
and disbursements of counsel and of any experts or agents, that the Collateral
Agent may incur in connection
with (i) the administration of this Guarantee and Security Agreement relating
to
such Grantor or
any of
its property, (ii) the custody or preservation of, or the sale of, collection
from, or other realization upon, any of the Collateral owned or held by or
on
behalf of such Grantor, (iii) the exercise, enforcement
or protection of any of the rights of the Collateral Agent hereunder relating
to
such Grantor or any of its property, or (iv) the failure by such Grantor to
perform or observe any of the provisions hereof.
Without limitation of its indemnification obligations under the other Secured
Transaction Documents,
each of the Grantors agrees, jointly with the other Grantors and severally,
to
indemnify the Collateral
Agent and each Related Party thereof (each such Person being called an
“Indemnitee”)
against,
and
hold
each Indemnitee harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities
and related out-of-pocket
expenses, including reasonable counsel fees, other charges and disbursements,
incurred by or asserted
against any Indemnitee arising out of, in any way connected with, or as a result
of (a) the execution
or delivery by such Grantor of this Guarantee and Security Agreement or any
other Secured Transaction
Document or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby or thereby, or
the
performance by such Grantor of its obligations under the Secured Transaction
Documents and the other transactions
contemplated thereby or (b) any claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding
relating to any of
the
foregoing, whether or not any Indemnitee is a party thereto, provided that
such
indemnity shall not, as
to any
Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses, claims, damages,
liabilities or related expenses
are determined by judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction to have
primarily resulted from the
gross
negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee. Any amounts payable as
provided hereunder
shall be additional Obligations secured hereby and by the other Secured
Transaction Documents.
The provisions of this Section shall remain operative and in full force and
effect regardless of
the
termination of this Guarantee and Security Agreement or any other Secured
Transaction Document, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
or thereby, the repayment of any of the Obligations,
the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision of this Guarantee
and Security Agreement
or any other Secured Transaction Document or any investigation made by or on
behalf of the Collateral
Agent or any other Secured Party. All amounts due under this Section shall
be
payable within ten
days
of written demand therefor and shall bear interest at the then prevailing rate
under the Secured Notes.
ARTICLE
8.
WAIVERS;
AMENDMENTS
No
failure or delay of the Collateral Agent in exercising any power or right
hereunder shall
operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any
such right or power, or any abandonment
or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other
or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The
rights and remedies of the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties
hereunder and under the other Secured Transaction Documents are cumulative
and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have.
No waiver of any
provision of this Guarantee and Security Agreement or any other Secured
Transaction Document or consent
to any departure by any Grantor therefrom shall in any event be effective unless
the same shall be permitted
by this Section, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in
the
specific instance and
for
the purpose for which given. No notice or demand on any Grantor in any case
shall entitle such Grantor to any other or further notice or demand in similar
or other circumstances. Neither this Guarantee and
Security Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended, supplemented
or otherwise modified,
or any departure therefrom consented to, except pursuant to an agreement or
agreements in writing
entered into by the Grantors and Investor holding more than a majority of the
aggregate principal amount
of
the Senior Secured Notes then outstanding, provided that no such agreement
shall
waive, amend,
supplement or otherwise modify, or consent to a departure to, the rights or
duties of the Collateral Agent
hereunder without the prior written consent of the Collateral
Agent.
ARTICLE
9.
SECURITY
INTEREST ABSOLUTE
All
rights of the Collateral Agent hereunder, the Security Interest and all
obligations of each Grantor hereunder shall be absolute and unconditional
irrespective of (i) any lack of validity or enforceability of the Securities
Purchase Agreement, any other Secured Transaction Document, any agreement
with respect to any of the Obligations, or any other agreement or instrument
relating to any of the
foregoing, (ii) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in
any
other term of, all or any
of
the Obligations, or any other waiver, amendment, supplement or other
modification of, or any consent
to any departure from, the Securities Purchase Agreement, any other Secured
Transaction Document or any other agreement or instrument relating to any of
the
foregoing, (iii) any exchange, release or non-perfection of any Lien on any
other collateral, or any release or waiver, amendment, supplement or other
modification of, or consent under, or departure from, any guarantee, securing
or
guaranteeing all or any of the Obligations, or (iv) any other circumstance
that
might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, any
Grantor in respect of the Obligations or in respect of this Guarantee and
Security Agreement or any other Secured Transaction Document.
ARTICLE
10.
TERMINATION;
RELEASE
This
Guarantee and Security Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate
and
be of no further force and effect when the Obligations shall have been finally
and indefeasibly paid in full. Upon (i) any sale, transfer or other disposition
permitted by the Secured Transaction Documents (other than
any
sale, transfer or other disposition of any Collateral that would, immediately
after giving effect thereto,
continue to be Collateral but for the release of the Security Interest therein
pursuant to this clause) or (ii) the effectiveness of any written consent to
the
release of the Security Interest in any Collateral, the Security Interest in
such Collateral shall be automatically released. In addition, if any of the
Pledged Equity Interests in any Subsidiary are sold, transferred or otherwise
disposed of pursuant to a transaction permitted by the Secured Transaction
Documents and, immediately after giving effect thereto, such Subsidiary or
subsidiary, as applicable, would no longer be a Subsidiary or a subsidiary,
as
applicable, then the obligations of such Subsidiary or subsidiary, as
applicable, under this Guarantee and Security Agreement and the Security
Interest in the Collateral owned or held by or on behalf of such Subsidiary
or
such subsidiary, as applicable, shall be automatically released. In addition,
if
the Company enters into a Qualified Receivables Facility, that portion of the
Receivables subject to the Qualified Receivables Facility shall be automatically
released from Collateral and no longer subject to Section 3.3(b) of this
Guarantee
and Security Agreement; provided, however, should
such a Qualified Receivables Facility terminate, the Receivables subject thereto
shall be Collateral and shall thereafter be subject to Section 3.3(b) of this
Guarantee and Security Agreement. In connection with any termination or release
pursuant to this Section, the Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to
the
applicable Grantor, and hereby authorizes
the filing of, at such Grantor's cost and expense, all Uniform Commercial Code
termination statements
and similar documents that such Grantor may reasonably request to evidence
such
termination or release. Any execution and delivery of documents pursuant to
this
Article shall be without recourse to or warranty by the Collateral Agent or
any
other Secured Party.
ARTICLE
11.
ADDITIONAL
SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS AND GRANTORS
Upon
execution and delivery after the date hereof by the Collateral Agent and a
Subsidiary
of a Supplement, such Subsidiary shall become a Subsidiary Guarantor and
Grantor, as applicable,
hereunder with the same force and effect as of the date of such execution as
if
originally named as a Subsidiary Guarantor and a Grantor, as applicable, herein
(each an “Additional
Subsidiary Guarantor
and Grantor”). The
execution and delivery of any Supplement shall not require the consent of any
other Grantor hereunder. The rights and obligations of each Grantor hereunder
and each Grantor and other party (other than an Investor) under the Secured
Transaction Documents shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding
the
addition of any Additional Subsidiary Guarantor and Grantor as a party to this
Guarantee and Security Agreement.
ARTICLE
12.
COLLATERAL
AGENT
Each
Investor hereby irrevocably appoints the Collateral Agent as its agent and
authorizes
the Collateral Agent to take such actions on its behalf and to exercise such
powers as are delegated to the Collateral Agent by the terms hereof, together
with such actions and powers as are reasonably
incidental thereto.
The
Person serving as the Collateral Agent hereunder shall have the same rights
and
powers in its capacity as an Investor as any other investor and may exercise
the
same as though it were not
the
Collateral Agent, and such Person and its Affiliates may accept deposits from,
lend money to and generally
engage in any kind of business with the Company or any Subsidiary or other
Affiliate thereof as if it were not the Collateral Agent hereunder.
The
Collateral Agent shall not have any duties or obligations except those expressly
set forth
herein. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, (i) the Collateral
Agent shall not be subject to
any
fiduciary or other implied duties, regardless of whether an Event of Default
has
occurred and is continuing,
(ii) the Collateral Agent shall not have any duty to take any discretionary
action or exercise any
discretionary powers, except discretionary rights and powers expressly
contemplated by this Agreement,
and (iii) except as expressly set forth herein, the Collateral Agent shall
not
have any duty to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure to disclose,
any information relating to the Company or any of
the
Subsidiaries that is communicated to or obtained by the Person serving as
Collateral Agent or any of
its
Affiliates in any capacity. The Collateral Agent shall not be liable for any
action taken or not taken by it in the absence of its own gross negligence
or
willful misconduct. The Collateral Agent shall be deemed
not to have knowledge of any Event of Default unless and until written notice
thereof is given to the
Collateral Agent by the Company or an Investor (and, promptly after its receipt
of any such notice, it shall
give each Investor and the Company notice thereof), and the Collateral Agent
shall not be
responsible
for or have any duty to ascertain or inquire into (a) any statement, warranty
or
representation made
in
or in connection with any Secured Transaction Document, (b) the contents of
any
certificate, report
or
other document delivered thereunder or in connection therewith, (c) the
performance or observance
of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or conditions set forth
therein, (d) the validity,
enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness thereof or any other agreement,
instrument or other document
or (e) the satisfaction of any condition set forth in herein, other than to
confirm receipt of items expressly
required to be delivered to the Collateral Agent.
The
Collateral Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall not incur any
liability for relying
upon, any notice, request, certificate, consent, statement, instrument, document
or other writing reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed
or sent by the proper Person. The Collateral
Agent also may rely upon any statement made to it orally or by telephone and
reasonably believed by it to be made by the proper Person, and shall not incur
any liability for relying thereon. The Collateral
Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be counsel for the Grantors),
independent accountants
and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable for any action taken
or not taken by it in
accordance with the advice of any such counsel, accountants or
experts.
The
Collateral Agent may perform any and all its duties and exercise its rights
and
powers
by
or through any one or more sub agents appointed by the Collateral Agent,
provided that no such
delegation shall serve as a release of the Collateral Agent or waiver by the
Company of any rights hereunder.
The Collateral Agent and any such sub agent may perform any and all its duties
and exercise its rights and powers through their respective affiliates. The
exculpatory provisions of the preceding paragraphs
shall apply to any such sub agent and to the affiliates of the Collateral Agent
and any such sub agent,
and shall apply to their respective activities acting for the Collateral
Agent.
Subject
to the appointment and acceptance of a successor Collateral Agent as provided
in
this
paragraph, the Collateral Agent may resign at any time by notifying the Investor
and the Company. Upon
any
such resignation, the Investor holding a majority of the principal amount of
the
Senior Secured Notes
shall have the right to appoint a successor. If no successor shall have been
so
appointed by the Investor
and shall have accepted such appointment within 30 days after the retiring
Collateral Agent gives notice
of
its resignation, then the retiring Collateral Agent may, on behalf of the
Investor holding a majority
of the principal amount of the Senior Secured Notes, appoint a successor
Collateral Agent which shall
be
a bank with an office in New York, New York, or an affiliate of any such bank.
Upon the acceptance of its appointment as Collateral Agent hereunder by a
successor, such successor shall succeed to
and
become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring
Collateral Agent, and
the
retiring Collateral Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations
hereunder. After the Collateral
Agent's resignation hereunder, the provisions of this Article shall continue
in
effect for the benefit
of such retiring Collateral Agent, its sub agents and their respective
affiliates in respect of any actions
taken or omitted to be taken by any of them while it was acting as Collateral
Agent.
Each
Investor acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon
the
Collateral Agent or any other Investor and based on such documents and
information as it has deemed appropriate,
made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into the Secured Transaction
Documents. Each
Investor also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance
upon
the Collateral Agent
or
any other-Investor and based on such documents and information as it shall
from
time to time deem
appropriate, continue to make its own decisions in taking or not taking action
under or based upon any Secured Transaction Document, any related agreement
or
any document furnished thereunder.
ARTICLE
13.
NOTICES
All
notices, requests, demands and other communications to any party hereunder
shall
be in
writing (including facsimile or similar writing) and shall be given to such
party at its address or facsimile
number set forth below or such other address or facsimile number as such party
may hereafter specify
by notice to the other parties listed below:
(a)
If
to the
Company:
Twistbox Entertainment, Inc.
14242
Ventura Blvd., Third Floor
Sherman
Oaks, CA 91423
Telephone:
(818)
301-6200
Facsimile:
(818)
708-0598
Attention:
Chief
Executive Officer
Attention:
General
Counsel
with
a
copy to:
Proskauer
Rose LLP
1585
Broadway
New
York,
New York 10036
Telephone:
(212)
969-3640
Facsimile:
(212)
969-2900
Attention:
Paul
Rachlin, Esq.
(b)
If
to a
Subsidiary Guarantor: At its address for notices set forth on Schedule
I.
(c) If
to the
Collateral Agent:
ValueAct
SmallCap Master Fund, L.P.
435
Pacific Avenue, 4th Floor
San
Francisco, CA 94133
Telephone:
(415) 249-1237
Facsimile:
(415)
249-1242
Attention:
Jimmy
Price
with
a
copy to:
ValueAct
SmallCap Master Fund, L.P.
435
Pacific Avenue, 4th Floor
San
Francisco, CA 94133
Telephone:
(415) 249-1237
Facsimile:
(415)
249-1242
Attention:
Jimmy
Price
and
Skadden,
Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP
525
University Avenue, Suite 1100
Palo
Alto, CA 94301
Facsimile:
(650)
470-4570
Telephone:
(650) 470-4500
Attention:
Thomas
Ivey, Esq.
Each
such
notice, request or other communication shall be effective (i) upon receipt
(provided, however, that
notices received on a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday or after 6:30 p.m.
(New
York City time) on any other day will be deemed to have been received on the
next Business Day), if
given
by facsimile transmission, (ii) the Business Day following the date of delivery
with a nationally recognized
overnight courier service or (iii) if given by any other means, when delivered
at the address specified
in this Article 13.
ARTICLE
14.
BINDING
EFFECT; SEVERAL AGREEMENT; ASSIGNMENTS
Whenever
in this Guarantee and Security Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred
to, such reference shall be deemed to include the successors and permitted
assigns of such party, and all covenants,
promises and agreements by or on behalf of any Grantor that are contained in
this Guarantee and
Security Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of each party hereto
and
its successors and permitted
assigns. This Guarantee and Security Agreement shall become effective as to
any
Grantor when
a
counterpart hereof executed on behalf of such Grantor shall have been delivered
to the Collateral Agent and a counterpart hereof shall have been executed on
behalf of the Collateral Agent, and thereafter shall
be
binding upon such Grantor and the Collateral Agent and their respective
successors and permitted assigns,
and shall inure to the benefit of such Grantor, the Collateral Agent and the
other Secured Parties, and their respective successors and permitted assigns,
except that no Grantor shall have the right to assign its
rights or obligations hereunder or any interest herein or in any of the
Collateral (and any such attempted
assignment shall be void), except as expressly contemplated by this Guarantee
and Security Agreement
or the other Secured Transaction Documents. This Guarantee and Security
Agreement shall be construed as a separate agreement with respect to each of
the
Grantors and may be amended, supplemented, waived or otherwise modified or
released with respect to any Grantor without the approval of
any
other Grantor and without affecting the obligations of any other Grantor
hereunder.
ARTICLE
15.
SURVIVAL
OF AGREEMENT; SEVERABILITY
All
covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Grantors
herein and
in
the certificates or other instruments prepared or delivered in connection with
or pursuant to this Guarantee
and Security Agreement or any other Secured Transaction Document shall be
considered to have
been
relied upon by the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and shall
survive the execution
and delivery of any Secured Transaction Document and the making of any Loan,
regardless of any
investigation made by the Secured Parties or on their behalf, and shall continue
in full force and effect
until this Guarantee and Security Agreement shall terminate. In the event any
one or more of the provisions
contained in this Guarantee and Security Agreement or in any other Secured
Transaction Document
should be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity,
legality and enforceability
of the remaining provisions contained herein or therein shall not in any way
be
affected or impaired thereby (it being understood that the invalidity of a
particular provision in a particular jurisdiction
shall not in and of itself affect the validity of such provision in any other
jurisdiction). The parties
shall endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the invalid, illegal or
unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which
comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or
unenforceable provisions.
ARTICLE
16.
GOVERNING
LAW
THIS
GUARANTEE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND
CONSTRUED
IN
ACCORDANCE
WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. THE LAWS
OF
THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY SHALL APPLY ONLY TO THE EXTENT SUCH APPLICATION
IS MANDATORY PURSUANT TO THE PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE
LAW (CONFLICT OF LAWS).
ARTICLE
17.
COUNTERPARTS
This
Guarantee and Security Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by
different
parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an
original, but all of which,
when taken together, shall constitute but one contract (subject to Article
14),
and shall become effective
as provided in Article 14. Delivery of an executed counterpart of this Guarantee
and Security Agreement
by facsimile transmission shall be as effective as delivery of a manually
executed counterpart of
this
Guarantee and Security Agreement.
ARTICLE
18.
HEADINGS
Article
and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience
of
reference only, are not part of this Guarantee and Security Agreement and shall
not affect the construction
of, or be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Guarantee and Security
Agreement.
ARTICLE
19.
JURISDICTION;
VENUE; CONSENT TO SERVICE OF PROCESS
EACH
OF
THE GRANTORS HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY
SUBMITS, FOR ITSELF AND ITS PROPERTY, TO THE NONEXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION
OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SITTING IN
NEW
YORK
COUNTY AND OF THE UNITED STATES' DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT
OF NEW YORK,
AND
ANY APPELLATE COURT FROM ANY THEREOF, IN
ANY
ACTION
OR
PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER COLLATERAL
DOCUMENT, OR FOR RECOGNITION OR ENFORCEMENT OF ANY JUDGMENT,
AND EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY
AGREES THAT ALL CLAIMS IN RESPECT
OF ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING
MAY BE HEARD AND DETERMINED
IN
SUCH
NEW
YORK STATE OR, TO THE EXTENT
PERMITTED BY LAW, IN SUCH
FEDERAL COURT. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO AGREES
THAT A FINAL JUDGMENT IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING SHALL BE CONCLUSIVE
AND MAY BE ENFORCED IN
OTHER
JURISDICTIONS BY SUIT ON THE JUDGMENT
OR IN
ANY
OTHER
MANNER PROVIDED BY LAW. NOTHING IN
THIS
AGREEMENT
SHALL AFFECT ANY RIGHT THAT
THE
SECURED PARTIES MAY OTHERWISE HAVE
TO
BRING ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT AGAINST
THE COMPANY OR ITS PROPERTIES IN THE COURTS OF ANY JURISDICTION.
EACH
OF
THE GRANTORS HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY
WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT IT MAY LEGALLY AND EFFECTIVELY
DO SO, ANY OBJECTION WHICH IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE
LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING
TO
THIS GUARANTEE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER SECURED TRANSACTION
DOCUMENT IN
ANY
COURT
REFERRED TO IN
THE
PRECEDING PARAGRAPH (b) OF THIS SECTION. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY
IRREVOCABLY
WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, THE DEFENSE OF AN INCONVENIENT
FORUM TO THE MAINTENANCE OF SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING
IN
ANY
SUCH
COURT.
EACH
PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO SERVICE OF PROCESS IN
THE
MANNER PROVIDED FOR NOTICES IN ARTICLE
13. NOTHING IN
THIS
AGREEMENT WILL
AFFECT THE RIGHT OF ANY PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT TO SERVE PROCESS IN
ANY
OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW.
ARTICLE
20.
WAIVER
OF
JURY TRIAL
EACH
PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED
BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN
ANY
LEGAL
PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS
GUARANTEE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER SECURED TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS
OR
THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY (WHETHER BASED
ON
CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO
REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS
REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT,
IN
THE
EVENT
OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES
THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS
GUARANTEE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER SECURED TRANSACTION
DOCUMENTS BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS
IN THIS
SECTION.
[Signature
Pages Follow]
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Guarantee and
Security Agreement
as of the day and year first above written.
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TWISTBOX
ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
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By: |
/s/
IAN AARON
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Name:
IAN AARON |
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Title:
PRES. / CEO |
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FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES |
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TWISTBOX GAMES LTD. & CO. KG |
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By: |
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Name: IAN
AARON
Title:
PRES. / CEO
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DOMESTIC SUBSIDIARIES |
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WAAT MEDIA CORP. |
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By: |
|
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Name:
IAN AARON
Title:
PRES. / CEO
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VALUEACT
SMALLCAP MASTER FUND, L.P.,
as
Collateral Agent
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By Its General Partner,
VA SmallCap
Partners, |
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By: |
/s/
DAVID
LOCKWOOD |
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Name:
DAVID
LOCKWOOD
Title: MANAGING
MEMBER
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VALUEACT
SMALLCAP MASTER FUND, L.P.,
as
Investor
By
Its General
Partner, VA SmallCap Partners, |
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By: |
/s/
DAVID
LOCKWOOD |
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Name:
DAVID LOCKWOOD
Title:
MANAGING MEMBER
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